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The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea

Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are ubiquitously found in the three domains of life playing large-scale roles in gene regulation, transposable element silencing and defense against foreign elements. While a substantial body of experimental work has been done to uncover function of sRNAs in Bacteria an...

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Autores principales: Gelsinger, Diego Rivera, DiRuggiero, Jocelyne
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5867862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29510582
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9030141
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author Gelsinger, Diego Rivera
DiRuggiero, Jocelyne
author_facet Gelsinger, Diego Rivera
DiRuggiero, Jocelyne
author_sort Gelsinger, Diego Rivera
collection PubMed
description Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are ubiquitously found in the three domains of life playing large-scale roles in gene regulation, transposable element silencing and defense against foreign elements. While a substantial body of experimental work has been done to uncover function of sRNAs in Bacteria and Eukarya, the functional roles of sRNAs in Archaea are still poorly understood. Recently, high throughput studies using RNA-sequencing revealed that sRNAs are broadly expressed in the Archaea, comprising thousands of transcripts within the transcriptome during non-challenged and stressed conditions. Antisense sRNAs, which overlap a portion of a gene on the opposite strand (cis-acting), are the most abundantly expressed non-coding RNAs and they can be classified based on their binding patterns to mRNAs (3′ untranslated region (UTR), 5′ UTR, CDS-binding). These antisense sRNAs target many genes and pathways, suggesting extensive roles in gene regulation. Intergenic sRNAs are less abundantly expressed and their targets are difficult to find because of a lack of complete overlap between sRNAs and target mRNAs (trans-acting). While many sRNAs have been validated experimentally, a regulatory role has only been reported for very few of them. Further work is needed to elucidate sRNA-RNA binding mechanisms, the molecular determinants of sRNA-mediated regulation, whether protein components are involved and how sRNAs integrate with complex regulatory networks.
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spelling pubmed-58678622018-03-27 The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea Gelsinger, Diego Rivera DiRuggiero, Jocelyne Genes (Basel) Review Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are ubiquitously found in the three domains of life playing large-scale roles in gene regulation, transposable element silencing and defense against foreign elements. While a substantial body of experimental work has been done to uncover function of sRNAs in Bacteria and Eukarya, the functional roles of sRNAs in Archaea are still poorly understood. Recently, high throughput studies using RNA-sequencing revealed that sRNAs are broadly expressed in the Archaea, comprising thousands of transcripts within the transcriptome during non-challenged and stressed conditions. Antisense sRNAs, which overlap a portion of a gene on the opposite strand (cis-acting), are the most abundantly expressed non-coding RNAs and they can be classified based on their binding patterns to mRNAs (3′ untranslated region (UTR), 5′ UTR, CDS-binding). These antisense sRNAs target many genes and pathways, suggesting extensive roles in gene regulation. Intergenic sRNAs are less abundantly expressed and their targets are difficult to find because of a lack of complete overlap between sRNAs and target mRNAs (trans-acting). While many sRNAs have been validated experimentally, a regulatory role has only been reported for very few of them. Further work is needed to elucidate sRNA-RNA binding mechanisms, the molecular determinants of sRNA-mediated regulation, whether protein components are involved and how sRNAs integrate with complex regulatory networks. MDPI 2018-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5867862/ /pubmed/29510582 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9030141 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gelsinger, Diego Rivera
DiRuggiero, Jocelyne
The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea
title The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea
title_full The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea
title_fullStr The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea
title_full_unstemmed The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea
title_short The Non-Coding Regulatory RNA Revolution in Archaea
title_sort non-coding regulatory rna revolution in archaea
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5867862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29510582
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9030141
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