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Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster

The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is becoming a valuable model for investigating antiviral defense in the Lophotrochozoa superphylum. In the past five years, improvements to laboratory-based experimental infection protocols using Ostreid herpesvirus I (OsHV-1) from naturally infected C. gigas c...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Green, Timothy J., Speck, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5869526/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547519
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10030133
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author Green, Timothy J.
Speck, Peter
author_facet Green, Timothy J.
Speck, Peter
author_sort Green, Timothy J.
collection PubMed
description The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is becoming a valuable model for investigating antiviral defense in the Lophotrochozoa superphylum. In the past five years, improvements to laboratory-based experimental infection protocols using Ostreid herpesvirus I (OsHV-1) from naturally infected C. gigas combined with next-generation sequencing techniques has revealed that oysters have a complex antiviral response involving the activation of all major innate immune pathways. Experimental evidence indicates C. gigas utilizes an interferon-like response to limit OsHV-1 replication and spread. Oysters injected with a viral mimic (polyI:C) develop resistance to OsHV-1. Improved survival following polyI:C injection was found later in life (within-generational immune priming) and in the next generation (multi-generational immune priming). These studies indicate that the oyster’s antiviral defense system exhibits a form of innate immune-memory. An important priority is to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon. This knowledge will motivate the development of practical and cost-effective treatments for improving oyster health in aquaculture.
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spelling pubmed-58695262018-03-28 Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster Green, Timothy J. Speck, Peter Viruses Review The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is becoming a valuable model for investigating antiviral defense in the Lophotrochozoa superphylum. In the past five years, improvements to laboratory-based experimental infection protocols using Ostreid herpesvirus I (OsHV-1) from naturally infected C. gigas combined with next-generation sequencing techniques has revealed that oysters have a complex antiviral response involving the activation of all major innate immune pathways. Experimental evidence indicates C. gigas utilizes an interferon-like response to limit OsHV-1 replication and spread. Oysters injected with a viral mimic (polyI:C) develop resistance to OsHV-1. Improved survival following polyI:C injection was found later in life (within-generational immune priming) and in the next generation (multi-generational immune priming). These studies indicate that the oyster’s antiviral defense system exhibits a form of innate immune-memory. An important priority is to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon. This knowledge will motivate the development of practical and cost-effective treatments for improving oyster health in aquaculture. MDPI 2018-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5869526/ /pubmed/29547519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10030133 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Green, Timothy J.
Speck, Peter
Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
title Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
title_full Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
title_fullStr Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
title_full_unstemmed Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
title_short Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
title_sort antiviral defense and innate immune memory in the oyster
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5869526/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547519
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10030133
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