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Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is becoming a valuable model for investigating antiviral defense in the Lophotrochozoa superphylum. In the past five years, improvements to laboratory-based experimental infection protocols using Ostreid herpesvirus I (OsHV-1) from naturally infected C. gigas c...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5869526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10030133 |
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author | Green, Timothy J. Speck, Peter |
author_facet | Green, Timothy J. Speck, Peter |
author_sort | Green, Timothy J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is becoming a valuable model for investigating antiviral defense in the Lophotrochozoa superphylum. In the past five years, improvements to laboratory-based experimental infection protocols using Ostreid herpesvirus I (OsHV-1) from naturally infected C. gigas combined with next-generation sequencing techniques has revealed that oysters have a complex antiviral response involving the activation of all major innate immune pathways. Experimental evidence indicates C. gigas utilizes an interferon-like response to limit OsHV-1 replication and spread. Oysters injected with a viral mimic (polyI:C) develop resistance to OsHV-1. Improved survival following polyI:C injection was found later in life (within-generational immune priming) and in the next generation (multi-generational immune priming). These studies indicate that the oyster’s antiviral defense system exhibits a form of innate immune-memory. An important priority is to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon. This knowledge will motivate the development of practical and cost-effective treatments for improving oyster health in aquaculture. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5869526 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58695262018-03-28 Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster Green, Timothy J. Speck, Peter Viruses Review The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is becoming a valuable model for investigating antiviral defense in the Lophotrochozoa superphylum. In the past five years, improvements to laboratory-based experimental infection protocols using Ostreid herpesvirus I (OsHV-1) from naturally infected C. gigas combined with next-generation sequencing techniques has revealed that oysters have a complex antiviral response involving the activation of all major innate immune pathways. Experimental evidence indicates C. gigas utilizes an interferon-like response to limit OsHV-1 replication and spread. Oysters injected with a viral mimic (polyI:C) develop resistance to OsHV-1. Improved survival following polyI:C injection was found later in life (within-generational immune priming) and in the next generation (multi-generational immune priming). These studies indicate that the oyster’s antiviral defense system exhibits a form of innate immune-memory. An important priority is to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon. This knowledge will motivate the development of practical and cost-effective treatments for improving oyster health in aquaculture. MDPI 2018-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5869526/ /pubmed/29547519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10030133 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Green, Timothy J. Speck, Peter Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster |
title | Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster |
title_full | Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster |
title_fullStr | Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster |
title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster |
title_short | Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster |
title_sort | antiviral defense and innate immune memory in the oyster |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5869526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10030133 |
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