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Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury

Neuroprotection seeks to halt cell death after brain ischemia and has been shown to be possible in laboratory studies. However, neuroprotection has not been successfully translated into clinical practice, despite voluminous research and controlled clinical trials. We suggested these failures may be...

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Autores principales: DeGracia, Donald J., Taha, Doaa, Tri Anggraini, Fika, Sutariya, Shreya, Rababeh, Gabriel, Huang, Zhi-Feng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5870357/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29495539
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8030039
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author DeGracia, Donald J.
Taha, Doaa
Tri Anggraini, Fika
Sutariya, Shreya
Rababeh, Gabriel
Huang, Zhi-Feng
author_facet DeGracia, Donald J.
Taha, Doaa
Tri Anggraini, Fika
Sutariya, Shreya
Rababeh, Gabriel
Huang, Zhi-Feng
author_sort DeGracia, Donald J.
collection PubMed
description Neuroprotection seeks to halt cell death after brain ischemia and has been shown to be possible in laboratory studies. However, neuroprotection has not been successfully translated into clinical practice, despite voluminous research and controlled clinical trials. We suggested these failures may be due, at least in part, to the lack of a general theory of cell injury to guide research into specific injuries. The nonlinear dynamical theory of acute cell injury was introduced to ameliorate this situation. Here we present a revised nonautonomous nonlinear theory of acute cell injury and show how to interpret its solutions in terms of acute biomedical injuries. The theory solutions demonstrate the complexity of possible outcomes following an idealized acute injury and indicate that a “one size fits all” therapy is unlikely to be successful. This conclusion is offset by the fact that the theory can (1) determine if a cell has the possibility to survive given a specific acute injury, and (2) calculate the degree of therapy needed to cause survival. To appreciate these conclusions, it is necessary to idealize and abstract complex physical systems to identify the fundamental mechanism governing the injury dynamics. The path of abstraction and idealization in biomedical research opens the possibility for medical treatments that may achieve engineering levels of precision.
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spelling pubmed-58703572018-03-27 Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury DeGracia, Donald J. Taha, Doaa Tri Anggraini, Fika Sutariya, Shreya Rababeh, Gabriel Huang, Zhi-Feng Brain Sci Article Neuroprotection seeks to halt cell death after brain ischemia and has been shown to be possible in laboratory studies. However, neuroprotection has not been successfully translated into clinical practice, despite voluminous research and controlled clinical trials. We suggested these failures may be due, at least in part, to the lack of a general theory of cell injury to guide research into specific injuries. The nonlinear dynamical theory of acute cell injury was introduced to ameliorate this situation. Here we present a revised nonautonomous nonlinear theory of acute cell injury and show how to interpret its solutions in terms of acute biomedical injuries. The theory solutions demonstrate the complexity of possible outcomes following an idealized acute injury and indicate that a “one size fits all” therapy is unlikely to be successful. This conclusion is offset by the fact that the theory can (1) determine if a cell has the possibility to survive given a specific acute injury, and (2) calculate the degree of therapy needed to cause survival. To appreciate these conclusions, it is necessary to idealize and abstract complex physical systems to identify the fundamental mechanism governing the injury dynamics. The path of abstraction and idealization in biomedical research opens the possibility for medical treatments that may achieve engineering levels of precision. MDPI 2018-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5870357/ /pubmed/29495539 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8030039 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
DeGracia, Donald J.
Taha, Doaa
Tri Anggraini, Fika
Sutariya, Shreya
Rababeh, Gabriel
Huang, Zhi-Feng
Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury
title Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury
title_full Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury
title_fullStr Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury
title_full_unstemmed Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury
title_short Abstraction and Idealization in Biomedicine: The Nonautonomous Theory of Acute Cell Injury
title_sort abstraction and idealization in biomedicine: the nonautonomous theory of acute cell injury
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5870357/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29495539
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8030039
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