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Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients
Evaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5870958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29584759 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194603 |
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author | Tsai, Teresa Kuehn, Sandra Tsiampalis, Nikolaos Vu, Minh-Khoa Kakkassery, Vinodh Stute, Gesa Dick, H. Burkhard Joachim, Stephanie C. |
author_facet | Tsai, Teresa Kuehn, Sandra Tsiampalis, Nikolaos Vu, Minh-Khoa Kakkassery, Vinodh Stute, Gesa Dick, H. Burkhard Joachim, Stephanie C. |
author_sort | Tsai, Teresa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Evaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge-vitrectomy (n = 17/group). The levels of three pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ) and pleiotropic cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-13) as well as VEGF, VEGF-A, and PGF were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-1ß (p = 0.02) and IFN-γ (p = 0.04), two of the three tested pro-inflammatory cytokines, were elevated in the DR patients, while IL-6 (p = 0.51) level was comparable in both groups. Moreover, in DR samples, a trend towards an IL-13 down-regulation (p = 0.36) was observable. The IL-2 (p = 0.62) and IL-4 (p = 0.78) levels were comparable in both groups. All analyzed angiogenetic factors were up-regulated in DR patients (VEGF: p<0.001; VEGF-A: p = 0.002; PGF: p<0.001). The up-regulation of angiogenetic factors underline their importance in DR development. However, the interaction of the other cytokines showed an interesting pattern. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were also up-regulated, which could be evidence for inflammation processes in the diabetic retina. Furthermore, it seems that a counter response of immunomodulatory cytokines is in an initial process, but not strong enough to regulate the processes. Therefore, to support these anti-inflammatory mechanisms might be additive treatment option in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5870958 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58709582018-04-06 Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients Tsai, Teresa Kuehn, Sandra Tsiampalis, Nikolaos Vu, Minh-Khoa Kakkassery, Vinodh Stute, Gesa Dick, H. Burkhard Joachim, Stephanie C. PLoS One Research Article Evaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge-vitrectomy (n = 17/group). The levels of three pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ) and pleiotropic cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-13) as well as VEGF, VEGF-A, and PGF were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-1ß (p = 0.02) and IFN-γ (p = 0.04), two of the three tested pro-inflammatory cytokines, were elevated in the DR patients, while IL-6 (p = 0.51) level was comparable in both groups. Moreover, in DR samples, a trend towards an IL-13 down-regulation (p = 0.36) was observable. The IL-2 (p = 0.62) and IL-4 (p = 0.78) levels were comparable in both groups. All analyzed angiogenetic factors were up-regulated in DR patients (VEGF: p<0.001; VEGF-A: p = 0.002; PGF: p<0.001). The up-regulation of angiogenetic factors underline their importance in DR development. However, the interaction of the other cytokines showed an interesting pattern. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were also up-regulated, which could be evidence for inflammation processes in the diabetic retina. Furthermore, it seems that a counter response of immunomodulatory cytokines is in an initial process, but not strong enough to regulate the processes. Therefore, to support these anti-inflammatory mechanisms might be additive treatment option in the future. Public Library of Science 2018-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5870958/ /pubmed/29584759 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194603 Text en © 2018 Tsai et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Tsai, Teresa Kuehn, Sandra Tsiampalis, Nikolaos Vu, Minh-Khoa Kakkassery, Vinodh Stute, Gesa Dick, H. Burkhard Joachim, Stephanie C. Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
title | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
title_full | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
title_fullStr | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
title_short | Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
title_sort | anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5870958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29584759 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194603 |
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