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Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All

Despite their clinical significance and substantial human health burden, fungal infections remain relatively under-appreciated. The widespread overuse of antibiotics and the increasing requirement for indwelling medical devices provides an opportunistic potential for the overgrowth and colonization...

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Autores principales: Kean, Ryan, Delaney, Christopher, Rajendran, Ranjith, Sherry, Leighann, Metcalfe, Rebecca, Thomas, Rachael, McLean, William, Williams, Craig, Ramage, Gordon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5872315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371505
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4010012
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author Kean, Ryan
Delaney, Christopher
Rajendran, Ranjith
Sherry, Leighann
Metcalfe, Rebecca
Thomas, Rachael
McLean, William
Williams, Craig
Ramage, Gordon
author_facet Kean, Ryan
Delaney, Christopher
Rajendran, Ranjith
Sherry, Leighann
Metcalfe, Rebecca
Thomas, Rachael
McLean, William
Williams, Craig
Ramage, Gordon
author_sort Kean, Ryan
collection PubMed
description Despite their clinical significance and substantial human health burden, fungal infections remain relatively under-appreciated. The widespread overuse of antibiotics and the increasing requirement for indwelling medical devices provides an opportunistic potential for the overgrowth and colonization of pathogenic Candida species on both biological and inert substrates. Indeed, it is now widely recognized that biofilms are a highly important part of their virulence repertoire. Candida albicans is regarded as the primary fungal biofilm forming species, yet there is also increasing interest and growing body of evidence for non-Candida albicans species (NCAS) biofilms, and interkingdom biofilm interactions. C. albicans biofilms are heterogeneous structures by definition, existing as three-dimensional populations of yeast, pseudo-hyphae, and hyphae, embedded within a self-produced extracellular matrix. Classical molecular approaches, driven by extensive studies of laboratory strains and mutants, have enhanced our knowledge and understanding of how these complex communities develop, thrive, and cause host-mediated damage. Yet our clinical observations tell a different story, with differential patient responses potentially due to inherent biological heterogeneity from specific clinical isolates associated with their infections. This review explores some of the recent advances made in an attempt to explore the importance of working with clinical isolates, and what this has taught us.
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spelling pubmed-58723152018-03-30 Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All Kean, Ryan Delaney, Christopher Rajendran, Ranjith Sherry, Leighann Metcalfe, Rebecca Thomas, Rachael McLean, William Williams, Craig Ramage, Gordon J Fungi (Basel) Review Despite their clinical significance and substantial human health burden, fungal infections remain relatively under-appreciated. The widespread overuse of antibiotics and the increasing requirement for indwelling medical devices provides an opportunistic potential for the overgrowth and colonization of pathogenic Candida species on both biological and inert substrates. Indeed, it is now widely recognized that biofilms are a highly important part of their virulence repertoire. Candida albicans is regarded as the primary fungal biofilm forming species, yet there is also increasing interest and growing body of evidence for non-Candida albicans species (NCAS) biofilms, and interkingdom biofilm interactions. C. albicans biofilms are heterogeneous structures by definition, existing as three-dimensional populations of yeast, pseudo-hyphae, and hyphae, embedded within a self-produced extracellular matrix. Classical molecular approaches, driven by extensive studies of laboratory strains and mutants, have enhanced our knowledge and understanding of how these complex communities develop, thrive, and cause host-mediated damage. Yet our clinical observations tell a different story, with differential patient responses potentially due to inherent biological heterogeneity from specific clinical isolates associated with their infections. This review explores some of the recent advances made in an attempt to explore the importance of working with clinical isolates, and what this has taught us. MDPI 2018-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5872315/ /pubmed/29371505 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4010012 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kean, Ryan
Delaney, Christopher
Rajendran, Ranjith
Sherry, Leighann
Metcalfe, Rebecca
Thomas, Rachael
McLean, William
Williams, Craig
Ramage, Gordon
Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All
title Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All
title_full Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All
title_fullStr Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All
title_full_unstemmed Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All
title_short Gaining Insights from Candida Biofilm Heterogeneity: One Size Does Not Fit All
title_sort gaining insights from candida biofilm heterogeneity: one size does not fit all
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5872315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371505
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof4010012
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