Comparative Study of Efficacy of Preoperative Nalbuphine Hydrochloride and Pentazocine Lactate on Hemodynamic Response to Tracheal Intubation and Postoperative Analgesia

BACKGROUND: For General anaesthesia perioperative administration of opioids are choice of drugs to attenuate intubation response and to provide good intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. Mixed agonist-antagonist opioids produces powerful analgesia without undesirable side effects. AIM: Aim of present study to compare efficacy of Nalbuphine and Pentazocine on hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation and postoperative analgesia. SETTINGS: Present study carried out in operation theater. DESIGN: This is prospective randomized double blind controlled trial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients of ASA physical status I and II, age 20-60 years undergoing abdominal surgical procedure of 1-2 hour duration were randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each (Group N) receiving nalbuphine 0.3 mg.kg(-1) and (Group P) receiving pentazocine 0.6 mg.kg(-1) intravenously before induction. Baseline vital parameters were noted and then noted till 15 minutes after intubation to see hemodynamic response. Time of rescue analgesia required was noted postoperatively. STASTICAL ANALYSIS: Chi-square test, paired and unpaired t-test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There is rise in heart rate, blood pressure after intubation in both groups but rise was more with Pentazocine as compared to Nalbuphine (P < 0.05). Postoperatively within 30 minutes 60% of patient from Pentazocine group require rescue analgesia compare to only 16.60% of patient of Nalbuphine group (P = 0.05) which is highly significant. CONCLUSION: Nalbuphine is potent mixed opioid analgesic which can be used for attenuation of pressor response of tracheal intubation and for perioperative analgesia with minimal side effects.