Infantile spasms related to a 5q31.2-q31.3 microdeletion including PURA

Recently, haploinsufficiency of PURA has been identified as an essential cause of 5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome, which is characterized by severe psychomotor developmental delay, epilepsy, distinctive features, and delayed myelination. A new 5q31.2-q31.3 microdeletion that included PURA was identified in a patient with infantile spasms. Approximately 50% of patients with PURA-related neurodevelopmental disorders exhibited epilepsy regardless of whether they harbor a 5q31.3 deletion or PURA mutation. Patients with the 5q31.3 deletion or a PURA mutation should be carefully monitored for epileptic seizures.