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Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil

Anisakiasis is a fish-borne parasitic disease caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked fish, as well as cephalopods, contaminated by third instar larvae (L3) of species belonging to the genus Anisakis (Anisakidae). Origanum compactum is a small herbaceous aromatic plant endemic to Spain and M...

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Autores principales: López, Víctor, Cascella, María, Benelli, Giovanni, Maggi, Filippo, Gómez-Rincón, Carlota
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5876267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29368038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-5764-3
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author López, Víctor
Cascella, María
Benelli, Giovanni
Maggi, Filippo
Gómez-Rincón, Carlota
author_facet López, Víctor
Cascella, María
Benelli, Giovanni
Maggi, Filippo
Gómez-Rincón, Carlota
author_sort López, Víctor
collection PubMed
description Anisakiasis is a fish-borne parasitic disease caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked fish, as well as cephalopods, contaminated by third instar larvae (L3) of species belonging to the genus Anisakis (Anisakidae). Origanum compactum is a small herbaceous aromatic plant endemic to Spain and Morocco. In Morocco, the plant is used under infusion to treat heart diseases and intestinal pains or as preservative for foodstuffs. This is the first time that the O. compactum essential oil is tested against the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex. The phytochemical analysis by GC-MS revealed carvacrol (50.3%) and thymol (14.8%) as the major oil constituents. The essential oil and its major constituents carvacrol and thymol were tested against A. simplex L3 larvae isolated from blue whiting fish (Micromesistius poutassou). A. simplex mortality (%) after 24 and 48 h of treatment at 1 μl/ml was 100%, with a low LD(50) compared with other essential oils and extracts, and the penetration in the agar assay was also reduced, if compared with control wells. The oil, as well as its major constituents, demonstrated a dose-dependent larvicidal activity. Inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase through a colorimetric assay in 96-well plates was used to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism as this enzyme plays a key role in nematodes neuromuscular function. Interestingly, O. compactum essential oil, carvacrol and thymol inhibited the enzyme, confirming that this could be one of the mechanisms involved in the anthelmintic activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that O. compactum essential oil is reported as a larvicidal agent against A. simplex L3 larvae.
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spelling pubmed-58762672018-04-03 Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil López, Víctor Cascella, María Benelli, Giovanni Maggi, Filippo Gómez-Rincón, Carlota Parasitol Res Original Paper Anisakiasis is a fish-borne parasitic disease caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked fish, as well as cephalopods, contaminated by third instar larvae (L3) of species belonging to the genus Anisakis (Anisakidae). Origanum compactum is a small herbaceous aromatic plant endemic to Spain and Morocco. In Morocco, the plant is used under infusion to treat heart diseases and intestinal pains or as preservative for foodstuffs. This is the first time that the O. compactum essential oil is tested against the parasitic nematode Anisakis simplex. The phytochemical analysis by GC-MS revealed carvacrol (50.3%) and thymol (14.8%) as the major oil constituents. The essential oil and its major constituents carvacrol and thymol were tested against A. simplex L3 larvae isolated from blue whiting fish (Micromesistius poutassou). A. simplex mortality (%) after 24 and 48 h of treatment at 1 μl/ml was 100%, with a low LD(50) compared with other essential oils and extracts, and the penetration in the agar assay was also reduced, if compared with control wells. The oil, as well as its major constituents, demonstrated a dose-dependent larvicidal activity. Inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase through a colorimetric assay in 96-well plates was used to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism as this enzyme plays a key role in nematodes neuromuscular function. Interestingly, O. compactum essential oil, carvacrol and thymol inhibited the enzyme, confirming that this could be one of the mechanisms involved in the anthelmintic activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that O. compactum essential oil is reported as a larvicidal agent against A. simplex L3 larvae. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2018-01-24 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC5876267/ /pubmed/29368038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-5764-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Paper
López, Víctor
Cascella, María
Benelli, Giovanni
Maggi, Filippo
Gómez-Rincón, Carlota
Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil
title Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil
title_full Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil
title_fullStr Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil
title_full_unstemmed Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil
title_short Green drugs in the fight against Anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Origanum compactum essential oil
title_sort green drugs in the fight against anisakis simplex—larvicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of origanum compactum essential oil
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5876267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29368038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-5764-3
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