RUNX1: A Regulator of NF-κB Signaling in Pulmonary Diseases

Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), a member of the RUNX family, is one of the key regulatory proteins in vertebrates. RUNX1 is involved in embryonic development, hematopoiesis, angio-genesis, tumorigenesis and immune response. In the past few decades, studies mainly focused on the effect of RUNX1 on acute leukemia and cancer. Only few studies about the function of RUNX1 in the patholog-ical process of pulmonary diseases have been reported. Recent studies have demonstrated that RUNX1 is highly expressed in both mesenchymal and epithelial compartments of the developing and postnatal lung and that it plays a critical role in the lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation by regulating the NF-κB pathway. RUNX1 participates in the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway through interaction with IkB kinase complex in the cytoplasm or interaction with the NF-κB subunit P50. NF-κB is well-known signaling pathway necessary for inflammatory response in the lung. This review is to highlight the RUNX1 structure, isoforms and to present the mechanism that RUNX1 regulates NF-κB. This will illus-trate the great potential role of RUNX1 in the inflammation signaling pathway in pulmonary diseases.