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Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update
The concept of hormesis, as an adaptive response of biological systems to moderate environmental challenges, has raised considerable nano-toxicological interests in view of the rapid pace of production and application of even more innovative nanomaterials and the expected increasing likelihood of en...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877666/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29534471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030805 |
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author | Iavicoli, Ivo Leso, Veruscka Fontana, Luca Calabrese, Edward J. |
author_facet | Iavicoli, Ivo Leso, Veruscka Fontana, Luca Calabrese, Edward J. |
author_sort | Iavicoli, Ivo |
collection | PubMed |
description | The concept of hormesis, as an adaptive response of biological systems to moderate environmental challenges, has raised considerable nano-toxicological interests in view of the rapid pace of production and application of even more innovative nanomaterials and the expected increasing likelihood of environmental and human exposure to low-dose concentrations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an update of the current knowledge concerning the biphasic dose–responses induced by nanoparticle exposure. The evidence presented confirmed and extended our previous findings, showing that hormesis is a generalized adaptive response which may be further generalized to nanoscale xenobiotic challenges. Nanoparticle physico-chemical properties emerged as possible features affecting biphasic relationships, although the molecular mechanisms underlining such influences remain to be fully understood, especially in experimental settings resembling long-term and low-dose realistic environmental exposure scenarios. Further investigation is necessary to achieve helpful information for a suitable assessment of nanomaterial risks at the low-dose range for both the ecosystem function and the human health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5877666 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58776662018-04-09 Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update Iavicoli, Ivo Leso, Veruscka Fontana, Luca Calabrese, Edward J. Int J Mol Sci Review The concept of hormesis, as an adaptive response of biological systems to moderate environmental challenges, has raised considerable nano-toxicological interests in view of the rapid pace of production and application of even more innovative nanomaterials and the expected increasing likelihood of environmental and human exposure to low-dose concentrations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an update of the current knowledge concerning the biphasic dose–responses induced by nanoparticle exposure. The evidence presented confirmed and extended our previous findings, showing that hormesis is a generalized adaptive response which may be further generalized to nanoscale xenobiotic challenges. Nanoparticle physico-chemical properties emerged as possible features affecting biphasic relationships, although the molecular mechanisms underlining such influences remain to be fully understood, especially in experimental settings resembling long-term and low-dose realistic environmental exposure scenarios. Further investigation is necessary to achieve helpful information for a suitable assessment of nanomaterial risks at the low-dose range for both the ecosystem function and the human health. MDPI 2018-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5877666/ /pubmed/29534471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030805 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Iavicoli, Ivo Leso, Veruscka Fontana, Luca Calabrese, Edward J. Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update |
title | Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update |
title_full | Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update |
title_fullStr | Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update |
title_full_unstemmed | Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update |
title_short | Nanoparticle Exposure and Hormetic Dose–Responses: An Update |
title_sort | nanoparticle exposure and hormetic dose–responses: an update |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877666/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29534471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030805 |
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