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Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle

Estrogen plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology and the immune system by inducing direct effects on multiple cell types including immune and vascular cells. Sex steroid hormones are implicated in cardiovascular protection, including endothelial healing in case of arte...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Trenti, Annalisa, Tedesco, Serena, Boscaro, Carlotta, Trevisi, Lucia, Bolego, Chiara, Cignarella, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29543707
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030859
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author Trenti, Annalisa
Tedesco, Serena
Boscaro, Carlotta
Trevisi, Lucia
Bolego, Chiara
Cignarella, Andrea
author_facet Trenti, Annalisa
Tedesco, Serena
Boscaro, Carlotta
Trevisi, Lucia
Bolego, Chiara
Cignarella, Andrea
author_sort Trenti, Annalisa
collection PubMed
description Estrogen plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology and the immune system by inducing direct effects on multiple cell types including immune and vascular cells. Sex steroid hormones are implicated in cardiovascular protection, including endothelial healing in case of arterial injury and collateral vessel formation in ischemic tissue. Estrogen can exert potent modulation effects at all levels of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Their action is mediated by interaction with classical estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ, as well as the more recently identified G-protein coupled receptor 30/G-protein estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), via both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Emerging data from the literature suggest that estrogen deficiency in menopause is associated with an increased potential for an unresolved inflammatory status. In this review, we provide an overview through the puzzle pieces of how 17β-estradiol can influence the cardiovascular and immune systems.
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spelling pubmed-58777202018-04-09 Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle Trenti, Annalisa Tedesco, Serena Boscaro, Carlotta Trevisi, Lucia Bolego, Chiara Cignarella, Andrea Int J Mol Sci Review Estrogen plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology and the immune system by inducing direct effects on multiple cell types including immune and vascular cells. Sex steroid hormones are implicated in cardiovascular protection, including endothelial healing in case of arterial injury and collateral vessel formation in ischemic tissue. Estrogen can exert potent modulation effects at all levels of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Their action is mediated by interaction with classical estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ, as well as the more recently identified G-protein coupled receptor 30/G-protein estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), via both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Emerging data from the literature suggest that estrogen deficiency in menopause is associated with an increased potential for an unresolved inflammatory status. In this review, we provide an overview through the puzzle pieces of how 17β-estradiol can influence the cardiovascular and immune systems. MDPI 2018-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5877720/ /pubmed/29543707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030859 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Trenti, Annalisa
Tedesco, Serena
Boscaro, Carlotta
Trevisi, Lucia
Bolego, Chiara
Cignarella, Andrea
Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle
title Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle
title_full Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle
title_fullStr Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle
title_full_unstemmed Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle
title_short Estrogen, Angiogenesis, Immunity and Cell Metabolism: Solving the Puzzle
title_sort estrogen, angiogenesis, immunity and cell metabolism: solving the puzzle
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29543707
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030859
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