A Treatment Planning Method for Better Management of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

PURPOSE/AIM: To describe a two-phase intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning approach, that is, promising for reduction of oral mucositis risk in locally advanced head-and-neck cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten locally advanced head-and-neck cancer patients who underwent RT were retrospectively collected. Conventional IMRT and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans were generated for these patients following clinical protocol. Following the first phase of generating conventional IMRT plans, our approach utilized data from Monte Carlo-based kernel superposition dose calculations corresponding to beam apertures (generated from the conventional IMRT plans) and used an exact mathematical programming-based optimization approach applying linear programming (LP) to dose optimization in the second phase. RESULTS: Compared with conventional IMRT and VMAT treatment plans, our novel method achieved better preservation of oral cavity (16%–29% lower mean dose, P < 0.01), parotid glands (6%–17% lower mean dose, P < 0.04), and spinal cord (3-11 Gy lower maximum dose, P < 0.03) and lower doses to nonorgan-at-risk/nontarget normal tissues, with the same or better target coverage. CONCLUSIONS: Our LP-based method can be practically implemented in routine clinical use with a goal of limiting radiation-induced oral mucositis for head-and-neck cancer patients.