Cargando…
The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Poor balance is associated with an increased risk of falling, disability and death in older populations. To better inform policies and help reduce the human and economic cost of falls, this novel review explores the effects of free-living physical activity on balance in older (50 years a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5879995/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29609585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5265-4 |
_version_ | 1783311096862474240 |
---|---|
author | McMullan, Ilona I. McDonough, Suzanne M. Tully, Mark A. Cupples, Margaret Casson, Karen Bunting, Brendan P. |
author_facet | McMullan, Ilona I. McDonough, Suzanne M. Tully, Mark A. Cupples, Margaret Casson, Karen Bunting, Brendan P. |
author_sort | McMullan, Ilona I. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Poor balance is associated with an increased risk of falling, disability and death in older populations. To better inform policies and help reduce the human and economic cost of falls, this novel review explores the effects of free-living physical activity on balance in older (50 years and over) healthy community-dwelling adults. METHODS: Search methods: CENTRAL, Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised register and CDSR in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and AMED were searched from inception to 7th June 2016. Selection criteria: Intervention and observational studies investigating the effects of free-living PA on balance in healthy community-dwelling adults (50 years and older). Data extraction and analysis: Thirty studies were eligible for inclusion. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently carried out by two review authors. Due to the variety of outcome measures used in studies, balance outcomes from observational studies were pooled as standardised mean differences or mean difference where appropriate and 95% confidence intervals, and outcomes from RCTs were synthesised using a best evidence approach. RESULTS: Limited evidence provided by a small number of RCTs, and evidence from observational studies of moderate methodological quality, suggest that free-living PA of between one and 21 years’ duration improves measures of balance in older healthy community-dwelling adults. Statistical analysis of observational studies found significant effects in favour of more active groups for neuromuscular measures such as gait speed; functionality using Timed Up and Go, Single Leg Stance, and Activities of Balance Confidence Scale; flexibility using the forward reach test; and strength using the isometric knee extension test and ultrasound. A significant effect was also observed for less active groups on a single sensory measure of balance, the knee joint repositioning test. CONCLUSION: There is some evidence that free-living PA is effective in improving balance outcomes in older healthy adults, but future research should include higher quality studies that focus on a consensus of balance measures that are clinically relevant and explore the effects of free-living PA on balance over the longer-term. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5265-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5879995 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58799952018-04-04 The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis McMullan, Ilona I. McDonough, Suzanne M. Tully, Mark A. Cupples, Margaret Casson, Karen Bunting, Brendan P. BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Poor balance is associated with an increased risk of falling, disability and death in older populations. To better inform policies and help reduce the human and economic cost of falls, this novel review explores the effects of free-living physical activity on balance in older (50 years and over) healthy community-dwelling adults. METHODS: Search methods: CENTRAL, Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised register and CDSR in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and AMED were searched from inception to 7th June 2016. Selection criteria: Intervention and observational studies investigating the effects of free-living PA on balance in healthy community-dwelling adults (50 years and older). Data extraction and analysis: Thirty studies were eligible for inclusion. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently carried out by two review authors. Due to the variety of outcome measures used in studies, balance outcomes from observational studies were pooled as standardised mean differences or mean difference where appropriate and 95% confidence intervals, and outcomes from RCTs were synthesised using a best evidence approach. RESULTS: Limited evidence provided by a small number of RCTs, and evidence from observational studies of moderate methodological quality, suggest that free-living PA of between one and 21 years’ duration improves measures of balance in older healthy community-dwelling adults. Statistical analysis of observational studies found significant effects in favour of more active groups for neuromuscular measures such as gait speed; functionality using Timed Up and Go, Single Leg Stance, and Activities of Balance Confidence Scale; flexibility using the forward reach test; and strength using the isometric knee extension test and ultrasound. A significant effect was also observed for less active groups on a single sensory measure of balance, the knee joint repositioning test. CONCLUSION: There is some evidence that free-living PA is effective in improving balance outcomes in older healthy adults, but future research should include higher quality studies that focus on a consensus of balance measures that are clinically relevant and explore the effects of free-living PA on balance over the longer-term. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5265-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-04-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5879995/ /pubmed/29609585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5265-4 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article McMullan, Ilona I. McDonough, Suzanne M. Tully, Mark A. Cupples, Margaret Casson, Karen Bunting, Brendan P. The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title | The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full | The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_fullStr | The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_short | The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_sort | association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5879995/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29609585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5265-4 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mcmullanilonai theassociationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT mcdonoughsuzannem theassociationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT tullymarka theassociationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT cupplesmargaret theassociationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT cassonkaren theassociationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT buntingbrendanp theassociationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT mcmullanilonai associationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT mcdonoughsuzannem associationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT tullymarka associationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT cupplesmargaret associationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT cassonkaren associationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT buntingbrendanp associationbetweenbalanceandfreelivingphysicalactivityinanoldercommunitydwellingadultpopulationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |