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The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons

Obesity is a public health issue that affects more than 600 million adults worldwide. The disease is characterized by fat accumulation, mainly in the abdominal area. The human body is mainly composed of two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT); however,...

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Autores principales: Rodrigues, Kellen C. da Cruz, Pereira, Rodrigo M., de Campos, Thaís D. P., de Moura, Rodrigo F., da Silva, Adelino S. R., Cintra, Dennys E., Ropelle, Eduardo R., Pauli, José R., de Araújo, Michel B., de Moura, Leandro P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5882867/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29643769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00088
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author Rodrigues, Kellen C. da Cruz
Pereira, Rodrigo M.
de Campos, Thaís D. P.
de Moura, Rodrigo F.
da Silva, Adelino S. R.
Cintra, Dennys E.
Ropelle, Eduardo R.
Pauli, José R.
de Araújo, Michel B.
de Moura, Leandro P.
author_facet Rodrigues, Kellen C. da Cruz
Pereira, Rodrigo M.
de Campos, Thaís D. P.
de Moura, Rodrigo F.
da Silva, Adelino S. R.
Cintra, Dennys E.
Ropelle, Eduardo R.
Pauli, José R.
de Araújo, Michel B.
de Moura, Leandro P.
author_sort Rodrigues, Kellen C. da Cruz
collection PubMed
description Obesity is a public health issue that affects more than 600 million adults worldwide. The disease is characterized by fat accumulation, mainly in the abdominal area. The human body is mainly composed of two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT); however, the browning process generates a different type of brown fat-like adipocyte in WAT, which similar to BAT has thermogenic capacity by activating UCP-1. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus plays an important role in WAT browning via POMC neurons, which are influenced by synergistic insulin and leptin signaling. On the other hand, stimulation of AgRP neurons suppresses WAT browning. The hypothalamic inflammatory process that occurs in obesity impairs insulin and leptin signaling in this tissue and, consequently, can decrease WAT browning. In addition, practicing physical exercise may be a great strategy for triggering the browning process since it reduces hypothalamic inflammation and increases POMC neurons gene expression. Moreover, physical exercise stimulates irisin gene expression, which has an important impact on thermogenesis, which in turn culminates in increased gene expression of proteins such as UCP-1 and Cidea, which are related to WAT browning. Furthermore, thermogenetic activation of WAT leads to increased energy expenditure, favoring obesity treatment. Therefore, this mini-review aimed to highlight the most recent studies that link the control of hypothalamic activity with the browning metabolism of adipose tissue in response to physical exercise.
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spelling pubmed-58828672018-04-11 The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons Rodrigues, Kellen C. da Cruz Pereira, Rodrigo M. de Campos, Thaís D. P. de Moura, Rodrigo F. da Silva, Adelino S. R. Cintra, Dennys E. Ropelle, Eduardo R. Pauli, José R. de Araújo, Michel B. de Moura, Leandro P. Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Obesity is a public health issue that affects more than 600 million adults worldwide. The disease is characterized by fat accumulation, mainly in the abdominal area. The human body is mainly composed of two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT); however, the browning process generates a different type of brown fat-like adipocyte in WAT, which similar to BAT has thermogenic capacity by activating UCP-1. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus plays an important role in WAT browning via POMC neurons, which are influenced by synergistic insulin and leptin signaling. On the other hand, stimulation of AgRP neurons suppresses WAT browning. The hypothalamic inflammatory process that occurs in obesity impairs insulin and leptin signaling in this tissue and, consequently, can decrease WAT browning. In addition, practicing physical exercise may be a great strategy for triggering the browning process since it reduces hypothalamic inflammation and increases POMC neurons gene expression. Moreover, physical exercise stimulates irisin gene expression, which has an important impact on thermogenesis, which in turn culminates in increased gene expression of proteins such as UCP-1 and Cidea, which are related to WAT browning. Furthermore, thermogenetic activation of WAT leads to increased energy expenditure, favoring obesity treatment. Therefore, this mini-review aimed to highlight the most recent studies that link the control of hypothalamic activity with the browning metabolism of adipose tissue in response to physical exercise. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5882867/ /pubmed/29643769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00088 Text en Copyright © 2018 Rodrigues, Pereira, Campos, Moura, Silva, Cintra, Ropelle, Pauli, Araújo and Moura. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Rodrigues, Kellen C. da Cruz
Pereira, Rodrigo M.
de Campos, Thaís D. P.
de Moura, Rodrigo F.
da Silva, Adelino S. R.
Cintra, Dennys E.
Ropelle, Eduardo R.
Pauli, José R.
de Araújo, Michel B.
de Moura, Leandro P.
The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons
title The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons
title_full The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons
title_fullStr The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons
title_short The Role of Physical Exercise to Improve the Browning of White Adipose Tissue via POMC Neurons
title_sort role of physical exercise to improve the browning of white adipose tissue via pomc neurons
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5882867/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29643769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00088
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