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The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors

Membrane-bound transcription factors (MTFs) are transcription factors (TFs) that are anchored in membranes in a dormant state. Activated by external or internal stimuli, MTFs are released from parent membranes and are transported to the nucleus. Existing research indicates that some plasma membrane...

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Autores principales: Liu, Yang, Li, Peiyao, Fan, Li, Wu, Minghua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5883603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29615051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-018-0224-3
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author Liu, Yang
Li, Peiyao
Fan, Li
Wu, Minghua
author_facet Liu, Yang
Li, Peiyao
Fan, Li
Wu, Minghua
author_sort Liu, Yang
collection PubMed
description Membrane-bound transcription factors (MTFs) are transcription factors (TFs) that are anchored in membranes in a dormant state. Activated by external or internal stimuli, MTFs are released from parent membranes and are transported to the nucleus. Existing research indicates that some plasma membrane (PM)-bound proteins and some endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-bound proteins have the ability to enter the nucleus. Upon specific signal recognition cues, some PM-bound TFs undergo proteolytic cleavage to liberate the intracellular fragments that enter the nucleus to control gene transcription. However, lipid-anchored PM-bound proteins enter the nucleus in their full length for depalmitoylation. In addition, some PM-bound TFs exist as full-length proteins in cell nucleus via trafficking to the Golgi and the ER, where membrane-releasing mechanisms rely on endocytosis. In contrast, the ER membrane-bound TFs relocate to the nucleus directly or by trafficking to the Golgi. In both of these pathways, only the fragments of the ER membrane-bound TFs transit to the nucleus. Several different nuclear trafficking modes of MTFs are summarized in this review, providing an effective supplement to the mechanisms of signal transduction and gene regulation. Moreover, targeting intracellular movement pathways of disease-associated MTFs may significantly improve the survival of patients.
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spelling pubmed-58836032018-04-09 The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors Liu, Yang Li, Peiyao Fan, Li Wu, Minghua Cell Commun Signal Review Membrane-bound transcription factors (MTFs) are transcription factors (TFs) that are anchored in membranes in a dormant state. Activated by external or internal stimuli, MTFs are released from parent membranes and are transported to the nucleus. Existing research indicates that some plasma membrane (PM)-bound proteins and some endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-bound proteins have the ability to enter the nucleus. Upon specific signal recognition cues, some PM-bound TFs undergo proteolytic cleavage to liberate the intracellular fragments that enter the nucleus to control gene transcription. However, lipid-anchored PM-bound proteins enter the nucleus in their full length for depalmitoylation. In addition, some PM-bound TFs exist as full-length proteins in cell nucleus via trafficking to the Golgi and the ER, where membrane-releasing mechanisms rely on endocytosis. In contrast, the ER membrane-bound TFs relocate to the nucleus directly or by trafficking to the Golgi. In both of these pathways, only the fragments of the ER membrane-bound TFs transit to the nucleus. Several different nuclear trafficking modes of MTFs are summarized in this review, providing an effective supplement to the mechanisms of signal transduction and gene regulation. Moreover, targeting intracellular movement pathways of disease-associated MTFs may significantly improve the survival of patients. BioMed Central 2018-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5883603/ /pubmed/29615051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-018-0224-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Liu, Yang
Li, Peiyao
Fan, Li
Wu, Minghua
The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
title The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
title_full The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
title_fullStr The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
title_full_unstemmed The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
title_short The nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
title_sort nuclear transportation routes of membrane-bound transcription factors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5883603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29615051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-018-0224-3
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