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Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages
There is growing evidence that patients with Clostridiumdifficile-associated diarrhoea often acquire their infecting strain before hospital admission. Wastewater is known to be a potential source of surface water that is contaminated with C. difficile spores. Here, we describe a study that used geno...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Microbiology Society
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5885014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29498619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000162 |
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author | Moradigaravand, Danesh Gouliouris, Theodore Ludden, Catherine Reuter, Sandra Jamrozy, Dorota Blane, Beth Naydenova, Plamena Judge, Kim H. Aliyu, Sani F. Hadjirin, Nazreen A. Holmes, Mark Török, Estée M. Brown, Nicholas Parkhill, Julian Peacock, Sharon |
author_facet | Moradigaravand, Danesh Gouliouris, Theodore Ludden, Catherine Reuter, Sandra Jamrozy, Dorota Blane, Beth Naydenova, Plamena Judge, Kim H. Aliyu, Sani F. Hadjirin, Nazreen A. Holmes, Mark Török, Estée M. Brown, Nicholas Parkhill, Julian Peacock, Sharon |
author_sort | Moradigaravand, Danesh |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is growing evidence that patients with Clostridiumdifficile-associated diarrhoea often acquire their infecting strain before hospital admission. Wastewater is known to be a potential source of surface water that is contaminated with C. difficile spores. Here, we describe a study that used genome sequencing to compare C. difficile isolated from multiple wastewater treatment plants across the East of England and from patients with clinical disease at a major hospital in the same region. We confirmed that C. difficile from 65 patients were highly diverse and that most cases were not linked to other active cases in the hospital. In total, 186 C. difficile isolates were isolated from effluent water obtained from 18 municipal treatment plants at the point of release into the environment. Whole genome comparisons of clinical and environmental isolates demonstrated highly related populations, and confirmed extensive release of toxigenic C. difficile into surface waters. An analysis based on multilocus sequence types (STs) identified 19 distinct STs in the clinical collection and 38 STs in the wastewater collection, with 13 of 44 STs common to both clinical and wastewater collections. Furthermore, we identified five pairs of highly similar isolates (≤2 SNPs different in the core genome) in clinical and wastewater collections. Strategies to control community acquisition should consider the need for bacterial control of treated wastewater. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5885014 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Microbiology Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58850142018-04-05 Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages Moradigaravand, Danesh Gouliouris, Theodore Ludden, Catherine Reuter, Sandra Jamrozy, Dorota Blane, Beth Naydenova, Plamena Judge, Kim H. Aliyu, Sani F. Hadjirin, Nazreen A. Holmes, Mark Török, Estée M. Brown, Nicholas Parkhill, Julian Peacock, Sharon Microb Genom Research Article There is growing evidence that patients with Clostridiumdifficile-associated diarrhoea often acquire their infecting strain before hospital admission. Wastewater is known to be a potential source of surface water that is contaminated with C. difficile spores. Here, we describe a study that used genome sequencing to compare C. difficile isolated from multiple wastewater treatment plants across the East of England and from patients with clinical disease at a major hospital in the same region. We confirmed that C. difficile from 65 patients were highly diverse and that most cases were not linked to other active cases in the hospital. In total, 186 C. difficile isolates were isolated from effluent water obtained from 18 municipal treatment plants at the point of release into the environment. Whole genome comparisons of clinical and environmental isolates demonstrated highly related populations, and confirmed extensive release of toxigenic C. difficile into surface waters. An analysis based on multilocus sequence types (STs) identified 19 distinct STs in the clinical collection and 38 STs in the wastewater collection, with 13 of 44 STs common to both clinical and wastewater collections. Furthermore, we identified five pairs of highly similar isolates (≤2 SNPs different in the core genome) in clinical and wastewater collections. Strategies to control community acquisition should consider the need for bacterial control of treated wastewater. Microbiology Society 2018-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5885014/ /pubmed/29498619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000162 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Moradigaravand, Danesh Gouliouris, Theodore Ludden, Catherine Reuter, Sandra Jamrozy, Dorota Blane, Beth Naydenova, Plamena Judge, Kim H. Aliyu, Sani F. Hadjirin, Nazreen A. Holmes, Mark Török, Estée M. Brown, Nicholas Parkhill, Julian Peacock, Sharon Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
title | Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
title_full | Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
title_fullStr | Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
title_full_unstemmed | Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
title_short | Genomic survey of Clostridium difficile reservoirs in the East of England implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
title_sort | genomic survey of clostridium difficile reservoirs in the east of england implicates environmental contamination of wastewater treatment plants by clinical lineages |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5885014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29498619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000162 |
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