Nonvenereal Penile Dermatoses: A Retrospective Study

CONTEXT: A variety of nonvenereal diseases can affect the penis and diminish quality of life. Many present similar clinical features and a cutaneous biopsy may be necessary to clarify the diagnosis. AIMS: To characterize nonvenereal penile dermatoses with histological confirmation in a southwestern Europe hospital during a 9-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted. We reviewed all penile biopsies performed between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2015 and studied the causes of the nonvenereal penile dermatoses. RESULTS: The sample included a total of 108 patients, aged 62.9 (±17.8) years, between 16 years and 96 years of age. Eighteen dermatoses were identified. Inflammatory diseases were present in 65. 7% of patients (71/108) and neoplastic dermatoses in 34. 3% (37/108). Concerning inflammatory dermatoses, the most frequent were Zoon balanitis (27.8%, 30/108), followed by lichen sclerosus (15.7%, 17/108), psoriasis (11.1%, 12/108), and lichen planus (4.6%, 5/108). In patients with psoriasis, 10 had lesions only in the penis, similarly to all patients with lichen planus. The most frequent malignant tumor was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (15.7%, 17/108). The most common in-situ tumor was erythroplasia of Queyrat (8.3%, 9/108). A case of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was found. Kaposi sarcoma and mycosis fungoides on penis were also diagnosed, as an additional form of presentation to their generalized disease. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, inflammatory diseases were the most frequently diagnosed dermatoses, while SCC was the most common malignant tumor found. In the majority of psoriasis and lichen planus cases, clinical lesions were only present in the genital area.