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Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term
BACKGROUND: Retinal microvessels can be visualized non-invasively and mirror the status of the cerebral microvasculature. AIMS: To investigate whether in young children born prematurely or at term cognitive performance is related to retinal microvascular traits. STUDY DESIGN, SUBJECTS: In 93 prematu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5885985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29413869 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.01.018 |
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author | Wei, Fang-Fei Raaijmakers, Anke Zhang, Zhen-Yu van Tienoven, Theun Pieter Huang, Qi-Fang Yang, Wen-Yi Thijs, Lutgarde Struijker-Boudier, Harry A.J. Verhamme, Peter Allegaert, Karel Staessen, Jan A. |
author_facet | Wei, Fang-Fei Raaijmakers, Anke Zhang, Zhen-Yu van Tienoven, Theun Pieter Huang, Qi-Fang Yang, Wen-Yi Thijs, Lutgarde Struijker-Boudier, Harry A.J. Verhamme, Peter Allegaert, Karel Staessen, Jan A. |
author_sort | Wei, Fang-Fei |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Retinal microvessels can be visualized non-invasively and mirror the status of the cerebral microvasculature. AIMS: To investigate whether in young children born prematurely or at term cognitive performance is related to retinal microvascular traits. STUDY DESIGN, SUBJECTS: In 93 prematurely born infants (birth weight < 1000 g) and 87 controls born at term, we measured head circumference (HC) and determined intelligence quotient (IQ) by combining matrix reasoning and spatial span (Wechsler Non-Verbal test, Dutch version) and post-processed retinal photographs using Singapore I Vessel Assessment software (version 3.6). OUTCOME MEASURES, RESULTS: Compared with controls, cases had smaller HC (51.7 vs 53.4 cm; p < 0.001), lower IQ (93.9 vs 109.2; p < 0.001), smaller retinal arteriolar (CRAE; 162.7 vs 174.0 μm; p < 0.001) and venular (CRVE; 234.9 vs 242.8 μm; p = 0.003) diameters and CRAE/CRVE ratio (0.69 vs 0.72; p = 0.001). A 1-SD decrease in CRAE was associated with smaller HC (−0.53 cm; p < 0.001) and lower total IQ (−3.74; p < 0.001), matrix reasoning (−1.77; p = 0.004) and spatial span (−2.03; p = 0.002). These associations persisted after adjustment for sex and age and risk factors for cognitive impairment, including blood pressure, body mass index and parental educational attainment. CONCLUSIONS: HC, total IQ, matrix reasoning and spatial span decrease with smaller retinal arteriolar diameter. Our findings suggest that maldevelopment of the cerebral microcirculation, as mirrored by the retinal microvasculature, has lasting effects on the growth of the brain and cognitive performance of prematurely born children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5885985 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58859852018-04-06 Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term Wei, Fang-Fei Raaijmakers, Anke Zhang, Zhen-Yu van Tienoven, Theun Pieter Huang, Qi-Fang Yang, Wen-Yi Thijs, Lutgarde Struijker-Boudier, Harry A.J. Verhamme, Peter Allegaert, Karel Staessen, Jan A. Early Hum Dev Article BACKGROUND: Retinal microvessels can be visualized non-invasively and mirror the status of the cerebral microvasculature. AIMS: To investigate whether in young children born prematurely or at term cognitive performance is related to retinal microvascular traits. STUDY DESIGN, SUBJECTS: In 93 prematurely born infants (birth weight < 1000 g) and 87 controls born at term, we measured head circumference (HC) and determined intelligence quotient (IQ) by combining matrix reasoning and spatial span (Wechsler Non-Verbal test, Dutch version) and post-processed retinal photographs using Singapore I Vessel Assessment software (version 3.6). OUTCOME MEASURES, RESULTS: Compared with controls, cases had smaller HC (51.7 vs 53.4 cm; p < 0.001), lower IQ (93.9 vs 109.2; p < 0.001), smaller retinal arteriolar (CRAE; 162.7 vs 174.0 μm; p < 0.001) and venular (CRVE; 234.9 vs 242.8 μm; p = 0.003) diameters and CRAE/CRVE ratio (0.69 vs 0.72; p = 0.001). A 1-SD decrease in CRAE was associated with smaller HC (−0.53 cm; p < 0.001) and lower total IQ (−3.74; p < 0.001), matrix reasoning (−1.77; p = 0.004) and spatial span (−2.03; p = 0.002). These associations persisted after adjustment for sex and age and risk factors for cognitive impairment, including blood pressure, body mass index and parental educational attainment. CONCLUSIONS: HC, total IQ, matrix reasoning and spatial span decrease with smaller retinal arteriolar diameter. Our findings suggest that maldevelopment of the cerebral microcirculation, as mirrored by the retinal microvasculature, has lasting effects on the growth of the brain and cognitive performance of prematurely born children. Elsevier 2018-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5885985/ /pubmed/29413869 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.01.018 Text en © 2018 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wei, Fang-Fei Raaijmakers, Anke Zhang, Zhen-Yu van Tienoven, Theun Pieter Huang, Qi-Fang Yang, Wen-Yi Thijs, Lutgarde Struijker-Boudier, Harry A.J. Verhamme, Peter Allegaert, Karel Staessen, Jan A. Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
title | Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
title_full | Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
title_fullStr | Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
title_full_unstemmed | Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
title_short | Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
title_sort | association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5885985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29413869 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.01.018 |
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