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Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning

Agricultural crops play an important role in the global carbon and water cycle. Global climate change scenarios predict enhanced water scarcity and altered precipitation pattern in many parts of the world. Hence, a mechanistic understanding of water fluxes, productivity and water use efficiency of c...

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Autores principales: Nay‐Htoon, Bhone, Xue, Wei, Lindner, Steve, Cuntz, Matthias, Ko, Jonghan, Tenhunen, John, Werner, Christiane, Dubbert, Maren
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5889072/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29624613
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195238
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author Nay‐Htoon, Bhone
Xue, Wei
Lindner, Steve
Cuntz, Matthias
Ko, Jonghan
Tenhunen, John
Werner, Christiane
Dubbert, Maren
author_facet Nay‐Htoon, Bhone
Xue, Wei
Lindner, Steve
Cuntz, Matthias
Ko, Jonghan
Tenhunen, John
Werner, Christiane
Dubbert, Maren
author_sort Nay‐Htoon, Bhone
collection PubMed
description Agricultural crops play an important role in the global carbon and water cycle. Global climate change scenarios predict enhanced water scarcity and altered precipitation pattern in many parts of the world. Hence, a mechanistic understanding of water fluxes, productivity and water use efficiency of cultivated crops is of major importance, i.e. to adapt management practices. We compared water and carbon fluxes of paddy and rainfed rice by canopy scale gas exchange measurements, crop growth, daily evapotranspiration, transpiration and carbon flux modeling. Throughout a monsoon rice growing season, soil evaporation in paddy rice contributed strongly to evapotranspiration (96.6% to 43.3% from initial growth to fully developed canopy and amounted to 57.9% of total water losses over the growing seasons. Evaporation of rainfed rice was significantly lower (by 65% on average) particularly before canopy closure. Water use efficiency (WUE) was significantly higher in rainfed rice both from an agronomic (WUE(agro), i.e. grain yield per evapotranspiration) and ecosystem (WUE(eco), i.e. gross primary production per evapotranspiration) perspective. However, our results also show that higher WUE in rainfed rice comes at the expense of higher respiration losses compared to paddy rice (26% higher on average). Hence, suggestions on water management depend on the regional water availability (i.e. Mediterranean vs. Monsoon climate) and the balance between higher respiratory losses versus a potential reduction in CH(4) and other greenhouse gas emissions. Our results suggest that a shift from rainfed/unsaturated soil to waterlogged paddy conditions after closure of the rice canopy might be a good compromise towards a sustainable use of water while preserving grain yield, particularly for water-limited production areas.
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spelling pubmed-58890722018-04-20 Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning Nay‐Htoon, Bhone Xue, Wei Lindner, Steve Cuntz, Matthias Ko, Jonghan Tenhunen, John Werner, Christiane Dubbert, Maren PLoS One Research Article Agricultural crops play an important role in the global carbon and water cycle. Global climate change scenarios predict enhanced water scarcity and altered precipitation pattern in many parts of the world. Hence, a mechanistic understanding of water fluxes, productivity and water use efficiency of cultivated crops is of major importance, i.e. to adapt management practices. We compared water and carbon fluxes of paddy and rainfed rice by canopy scale gas exchange measurements, crop growth, daily evapotranspiration, transpiration and carbon flux modeling. Throughout a monsoon rice growing season, soil evaporation in paddy rice contributed strongly to evapotranspiration (96.6% to 43.3% from initial growth to fully developed canopy and amounted to 57.9% of total water losses over the growing seasons. Evaporation of rainfed rice was significantly lower (by 65% on average) particularly before canopy closure. Water use efficiency (WUE) was significantly higher in rainfed rice both from an agronomic (WUE(agro), i.e. grain yield per evapotranspiration) and ecosystem (WUE(eco), i.e. gross primary production per evapotranspiration) perspective. However, our results also show that higher WUE in rainfed rice comes at the expense of higher respiration losses compared to paddy rice (26% higher on average). Hence, suggestions on water management depend on the regional water availability (i.e. Mediterranean vs. Monsoon climate) and the balance between higher respiratory losses versus a potential reduction in CH(4) and other greenhouse gas emissions. Our results suggest that a shift from rainfed/unsaturated soil to waterlogged paddy conditions after closure of the rice canopy might be a good compromise towards a sustainable use of water while preserving grain yield, particularly for water-limited production areas. Public Library of Science 2018-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5889072/ /pubmed/29624613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195238 Text en © 2018 Nay‐Htoon et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nay‐Htoon, Bhone
Xue, Wei
Lindner, Steve
Cuntz, Matthias
Ko, Jonghan
Tenhunen, John
Werner, Christiane
Dubbert, Maren
Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning
title Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning
title_full Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning
title_fullStr Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning
title_short Quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by flux partitioning
title_sort quantifying differences in water and carbon cycling between paddy and rainfed rice (oryza sativa l.) by flux partitioning
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5889072/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29624613
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195238
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