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Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Findings from animal and epidemiological research support the potential neuroprotective benefits from healthy diets. However, to establish diet-neuroprotective causal relations, evidence from dietary intervention studies is needed. NU-AGE is the first multicenter intervention assessing w...

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Autores principales: Marseglia, Anna, Xu, Weili, Fratiglioni, Laura, Fabbri, Cristina, Berendsen, Agnes A. M., Bialecka-Debek, Agata, Jennings, Amy, Gillings, Rachel, Meunier, Nathalie, Caumon, Elodie, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Pietruszka, Barbara, De Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Santoro, Aurelia, Franceschi, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5893841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29670545
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00349
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author Marseglia, Anna
Xu, Weili
Fratiglioni, Laura
Fabbri, Cristina
Berendsen, Agnes A. M.
Bialecka-Debek, Agata
Jennings, Amy
Gillings, Rachel
Meunier, Nathalie
Caumon, Elodie
Fairweather-Tait, Susan
Pietruszka, Barbara
De Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.
Santoro, Aurelia
Franceschi, Claudio
author_facet Marseglia, Anna
Xu, Weili
Fratiglioni, Laura
Fabbri, Cristina
Berendsen, Agnes A. M.
Bialecka-Debek, Agata
Jennings, Amy
Gillings, Rachel
Meunier, Nathalie
Caumon, Elodie
Fairweather-Tait, Susan
Pietruszka, Barbara
De Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.
Santoro, Aurelia
Franceschi, Claudio
author_sort Marseglia, Anna
collection PubMed
description Background: Findings from animal and epidemiological research support the potential neuroprotective benefits from healthy diets. However, to establish diet-neuroprotective causal relations, evidence from dietary intervention studies is needed. NU-AGE is the first multicenter intervention assessing whether a diet targeting health in aging can counteract the age-related physiological changes in different organs, including the brain. In this study, we specifically investigated the effects of NU-AGE's dietary intervention on age-related cognitive decline. Materials and Methods: NU-AGE randomized trial (NCT01754012, clinicaltrials.gov) included 1279 relatively healthy older-adults, aged 65–79 years, from five European centers. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: “control” (n = 638), following a habitual diet; and, “intervention” (n = 641), given individually tailored dietary advice (NU-AGE diet). Adherence to the NU-AGE diet was measured over follow-up, and categorized into tertiles (low, moderate, high). Cognitive function was ascertained at baseline and at 1-year follow-up with the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD)-Neuropsychological Battery and five additional domain-specific single cognitive tests. The raw scores from the CERAD subtests [excluding the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)] and the single tests were standardized into Z-scores. Global cognition (measured with MMSE and CERAD-total score), and five cognitive domains (perceptual speed, executive function, episodic memory, verbal abilities, and constructional praxis) were created. Cognitive changes as a function of the intervention were analyzed with multivariable mixed-effects models. Results: After the 1-year follow-up, 571 (89.1%) controls and 573 (89.8%) from the intervention group participated in the post-intervention assessment. Both control and intervention groups showed improvements in global cognition and in all cognitive domains after 1 year, but differences in cognitive changes between the two groups were not statistically significant. However, participants with higher adherence to the NU-AGE diet showed statistically significant improvements in global cognition [β 0.20 (95%CI 0.004, 0.39), p-value = 0.046] and episodic memory [β 0.15 (95%CI 0.02, 0.28), p-value = 0.025] after 1 year, compared to those adults with lower adherence. Discussion: High adherence to the culturally adapted, individually tailored, NU-AGE diet could slow down age-related cognitive decline, helping to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia.
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spelling pubmed-58938412018-04-18 Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial Marseglia, Anna Xu, Weili Fratiglioni, Laura Fabbri, Cristina Berendsen, Agnes A. M. Bialecka-Debek, Agata Jennings, Amy Gillings, Rachel Meunier, Nathalie Caumon, Elodie Fairweather-Tait, Susan Pietruszka, Barbara De Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M. Santoro, Aurelia Franceschi, Claudio Front Physiol Physiology Background: Findings from animal and epidemiological research support the potential neuroprotective benefits from healthy diets. However, to establish diet-neuroprotective causal relations, evidence from dietary intervention studies is needed. NU-AGE is the first multicenter intervention assessing whether a diet targeting health in aging can counteract the age-related physiological changes in different organs, including the brain. In this study, we specifically investigated the effects of NU-AGE's dietary intervention on age-related cognitive decline. Materials and Methods: NU-AGE randomized trial (NCT01754012, clinicaltrials.gov) included 1279 relatively healthy older-adults, aged 65–79 years, from five European centers. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: “control” (n = 638), following a habitual diet; and, “intervention” (n = 641), given individually tailored dietary advice (NU-AGE diet). Adherence to the NU-AGE diet was measured over follow-up, and categorized into tertiles (low, moderate, high). Cognitive function was ascertained at baseline and at 1-year follow-up with the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD)-Neuropsychological Battery and five additional domain-specific single cognitive tests. The raw scores from the CERAD subtests [excluding the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)] and the single tests were standardized into Z-scores. Global cognition (measured with MMSE and CERAD-total score), and five cognitive domains (perceptual speed, executive function, episodic memory, verbal abilities, and constructional praxis) were created. Cognitive changes as a function of the intervention were analyzed with multivariable mixed-effects models. Results: After the 1-year follow-up, 571 (89.1%) controls and 573 (89.8%) from the intervention group participated in the post-intervention assessment. Both control and intervention groups showed improvements in global cognition and in all cognitive domains after 1 year, but differences in cognitive changes between the two groups were not statistically significant. However, participants with higher adherence to the NU-AGE diet showed statistically significant improvements in global cognition [β 0.20 (95%CI 0.004, 0.39), p-value = 0.046] and episodic memory [β 0.15 (95%CI 0.02, 0.28), p-value = 0.025] after 1 year, compared to those adults with lower adherence. Discussion: High adherence to the culturally adapted, individually tailored, NU-AGE diet could slow down age-related cognitive decline, helping to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5893841/ /pubmed/29670545 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00349 Text en Copyright © 2018 Marseglia, Xu, Fratiglioni, Fabbri, Berendsen, Bialecka-Debek, Jennings, Gillings, Meunier, Caumon, Fairweather-Tait, Pietruszka, De Groot, Santoro and Franceschi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Marseglia, Anna
Xu, Weili
Fratiglioni, Laura
Fabbri, Cristina
Berendsen, Agnes A. M.
Bialecka-Debek, Agata
Jennings, Amy
Gillings, Rachel
Meunier, Nathalie
Caumon, Elodie
Fairweather-Tait, Susan
Pietruszka, Barbara
De Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.
Santoro, Aurelia
Franceschi, Claudio
Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
title Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short Effect of the NU-AGE Diet on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort effect of the nu-age diet on cognitive functioning in older adults: a randomized controlled trial
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5893841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29670545
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00349
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