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Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
INTRODUCTION: Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LP...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
De Gruyter Open
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5894427/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29978081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035 |
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author | Jaleel, Shahid Younus, Muhammad Idrees, Asif Arshad, Muhammad Khan, Aman Ullah Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan Tanweer, Muhammad Towakal, Farhan Munibullah, Tipu, Muhammad Yasin Sohail, Muhammad Luqman Umar, Sajid |
author_facet | Jaleel, Shahid Younus, Muhammad Idrees, Asif Arshad, Muhammad Khan, Aman Ullah Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan Tanweer, Muhammad Towakal, Farhan Munibullah, Tipu, Muhammad Yasin Sohail, Muhammad Luqman Umar, Sajid |
author_sort | Jaleel, Shahid |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strain, alone or in combination. The experimental groups were negative control. RESULTS: The infected birds showed most severe clinical signs in E. coli+LPAI group along with a significant decrease in weight and enhanced macroscopic and microscopic pathological lesions. The survival rate was 60%, 84%, and 100% in birds inoculated with E. coli+LPAI, E. coli, and LPAI virus alone, respectively. The results showed that experimental co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 strain of LPAI virus increased the severity of clinical signs, mortality rate, and gross lesions. The HI titre against LPAI virus infection in the co-infected group was significantly higher than the HI titre of LPAI group, which may indicate that E. coli may promote propagation of H9N2 LPAI virus by alteration of immune response. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 LPAI virus caused more serious synergistic pathogenic effects and indicates the role of both pathogens as complicating factors in poultry infections. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5894427 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | De Gruyter Open |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58944272018-07-05 Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens Jaleel, Shahid Younus, Muhammad Idrees, Asif Arshad, Muhammad Khan, Aman Ullah Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan Tanweer, Muhammad Towakal, Farhan Munibullah, Tipu, Muhammad Yasin Sohail, Muhammad Luqman Umar, Sajid J Vet Res Research Article INTRODUCTION: Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strain, alone or in combination. The experimental groups were negative control. RESULTS: The infected birds showed most severe clinical signs in E. coli+LPAI group along with a significant decrease in weight and enhanced macroscopic and microscopic pathological lesions. The survival rate was 60%, 84%, and 100% in birds inoculated with E. coli+LPAI, E. coli, and LPAI virus alone, respectively. The results showed that experimental co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 strain of LPAI virus increased the severity of clinical signs, mortality rate, and gross lesions. The HI titre against LPAI virus infection in the co-infected group was significantly higher than the HI titre of LPAI group, which may indicate that E. coli may promote propagation of H9N2 LPAI virus by alteration of immune response. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 LPAI virus caused more serious synergistic pathogenic effects and indicates the role of both pathogens as complicating factors in poultry infections. De Gruyter Open 2017-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC5894427/ /pubmed/29978081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035 Text en © 2017 S. Jaleel et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license |
spellingShingle | Research Article Jaleel, Shahid Younus, Muhammad Idrees, Asif Arshad, Muhammad Khan, Aman Ullah Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan Tanweer, Muhammad Towakal, Farhan Munibullah, Tipu, Muhammad Yasin Sohail, Muhammad Luqman Umar, Sajid Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens |
title | Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens |
title_full | Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens |
title_fullStr | Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens |
title_full_unstemmed | Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens |
title_short | Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens |
title_sort | pathological alterations in respiratory system during co-infection with low pathogenic avian influenza virus (h9n2) and escherichia coli in broiler chickens |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5894427/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29978081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035 |
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