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Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens

INTRODUCTION: Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LP...

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Autores principales: Jaleel, Shahid, Younus, Muhammad, Idrees, Asif, Arshad, Muhammad, Khan, Aman Ullah, Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed, Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan, Tanweer, Muhammad, Towakal, Farhan, Munibullah, Tipu, Muhammad Yasin, Sohail, Muhammad Luqman, Umar, Sajid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: De Gruyter Open 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5894427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29978081
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035
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author Jaleel, Shahid
Younus, Muhammad
Idrees, Asif
Arshad, Muhammad
Khan, Aman Ullah
Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed
Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan
Tanweer, Muhammad
Towakal, Farhan
Munibullah,
Tipu, Muhammad Yasin
Sohail, Muhammad Luqman
Umar, Sajid
author_facet Jaleel, Shahid
Younus, Muhammad
Idrees, Asif
Arshad, Muhammad
Khan, Aman Ullah
Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed
Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan
Tanweer, Muhammad
Towakal, Farhan
Munibullah,
Tipu, Muhammad Yasin
Sohail, Muhammad Luqman
Umar, Sajid
author_sort Jaleel, Shahid
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strain, alone or in combination. The experimental groups were negative control. RESULTS: The infected birds showed most severe clinical signs in E. coli+LPAI group along with a significant decrease in weight and enhanced macroscopic and microscopic pathological lesions. The survival rate was 60%, 84%, and 100% in birds inoculated with E. coli+LPAI, E. coli, and LPAI virus alone, respectively. The results showed that experimental co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 strain of LPAI virus increased the severity of clinical signs, mortality rate, and gross lesions. The HI titre against LPAI virus infection in the co-infected group was significantly higher than the HI titre of LPAI group, which may indicate that E. coli may promote propagation of H9N2 LPAI virus by alteration of immune response. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 LPAI virus caused more serious synergistic pathogenic effects and indicates the role of both pathogens as complicating factors in poultry infections.
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spelling pubmed-58944272018-07-05 Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens Jaleel, Shahid Younus, Muhammad Idrees, Asif Arshad, Muhammad Khan, Aman Ullah Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan Tanweer, Muhammad Towakal, Farhan Munibullah, Tipu, Muhammad Yasin Sohail, Muhammad Luqman Umar, Sajid J Vet Res Research Article INTRODUCTION: Despite the advancements in the field, there is a lack of data when it comes to co-infections in poultry. Therefore, this study was designed to address this issue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Broiler birds were experimentally infected with E. coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strain, alone or in combination. The experimental groups were negative control. RESULTS: The infected birds showed most severe clinical signs in E. coli+LPAI group along with a significant decrease in weight and enhanced macroscopic and microscopic pathological lesions. The survival rate was 60%, 84%, and 100% in birds inoculated with E. coli+LPAI, E. coli, and LPAI virus alone, respectively. The results showed that experimental co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 strain of LPAI virus increased the severity of clinical signs, mortality rate, and gross lesions. The HI titre against LPAI virus infection in the co-infected group was significantly higher than the HI titre of LPAI group, which may indicate that E. coli may promote propagation of H9N2 LPAI virus by alteration of immune response. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that co-infection with E. coli and H9N2 LPAI virus caused more serious synergistic pathogenic effects and indicates the role of both pathogens as complicating factors in poultry infections. De Gruyter Open 2017-09-19 /pmc/articles/PMC5894427/ /pubmed/29978081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035 Text en © 2017 S. Jaleel et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license
spellingShingle Research Article
Jaleel, Shahid
Younus, Muhammad
Idrees, Asif
Arshad, Muhammad
Khan, Aman Ullah
Ehtisham-ul-Haque, Syed
Zaheer, Muhammad Irfan
Tanweer, Muhammad
Towakal, Farhan
Munibullah,
Tipu, Muhammad Yasin
Sohail, Muhammad Luqman
Umar, Sajid
Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
title Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
title_full Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
title_fullStr Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
title_full_unstemmed Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
title_short Pathological Alterations in Respiratory System During Co-infection with Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2) and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens
title_sort pathological alterations in respiratory system during co-infection with low pathogenic avian influenza virus (h9n2) and escherichia coli in broiler chickens
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5894427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29978081
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0035
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