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Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach

OBJECTIVES: Suicides by train have devastating consequences for families, the rail industry, staff dealing with the aftermath of such incidents and potential witnesses. To reduce suicides and suicide attempts by rail, it is important to learn how safe interventions can be made. However, very little...

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Autores principales: Mackenzie, Jay-Marie, Borrill, Jo, Hawkins, Emily, Fields, Bob, Kruger, Ian, Noonan, Ian, Marzano, Lisa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5898325/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29643167
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021076
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author Mackenzie, Jay-Marie
Borrill, Jo
Hawkins, Emily
Fields, Bob
Kruger, Ian
Noonan, Ian
Marzano, Lisa
author_facet Mackenzie, Jay-Marie
Borrill, Jo
Hawkins, Emily
Fields, Bob
Kruger, Ian
Noonan, Ian
Marzano, Lisa
author_sort Mackenzie, Jay-Marie
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Suicides by train have devastating consequences for families, the rail industry, staff dealing with the aftermath of such incidents and potential witnesses. To reduce suicides and suicide attempts by rail, it is important to learn how safe interventions can be made. However, very little is known about how to identify someone who may be about to make a suicide attempt at a railway location (including underground/subways). The current research employed a novel way of understanding what behaviours might immediately precede a suicide or suicide attempt at these locations. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative thematic approach was used for three parallel studies. Data were gathered from several sources, including interviews with individuals who survived a rail suicide attempt (n=9), CCTV footage of individuals who died by rail suicide (n=16) and qualitative survey data providing views from rail staff (n=79). RESULTS: Our research suggests that there are several behaviours that people may carry out before a suicide or suicide attempt at a rail location, including station hopping and platform switching, limiting contact with others, positioning themselves at the end of the track where the train/tube approaches, allowing trains to pass by and carrying out repetitive behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: There are several behaviours that may be identifiable in the moments leading up to a suicide or suicide attempt on the railways which may present opportunities for intervention. These findings have implications for several stakeholders, including rail providers, transport police and other organisations focused on suicide prevention.
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spelling pubmed-58983252018-04-16 Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach Mackenzie, Jay-Marie Borrill, Jo Hawkins, Emily Fields, Bob Kruger, Ian Noonan, Ian Marzano, Lisa BMJ Open Mental Health OBJECTIVES: Suicides by train have devastating consequences for families, the rail industry, staff dealing with the aftermath of such incidents and potential witnesses. To reduce suicides and suicide attempts by rail, it is important to learn how safe interventions can be made. However, very little is known about how to identify someone who may be about to make a suicide attempt at a railway location (including underground/subways). The current research employed a novel way of understanding what behaviours might immediately precede a suicide or suicide attempt at these locations. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative thematic approach was used for three parallel studies. Data were gathered from several sources, including interviews with individuals who survived a rail suicide attempt (n=9), CCTV footage of individuals who died by rail suicide (n=16) and qualitative survey data providing views from rail staff (n=79). RESULTS: Our research suggests that there are several behaviours that people may carry out before a suicide or suicide attempt at a rail location, including station hopping and platform switching, limiting contact with others, positioning themselves at the end of the track where the train/tube approaches, allowing trains to pass by and carrying out repetitive behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: There are several behaviours that may be identifiable in the moments leading up to a suicide or suicide attempt on the railways which may present opportunities for intervention. These findings have implications for several stakeholders, including rail providers, transport police and other organisations focused on suicide prevention. BMJ Publishing Group 2018-04-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5898325/ /pubmed/29643167 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021076 Text en © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Mental Health
Mackenzie, Jay-Marie
Borrill, Jo
Hawkins, Emily
Fields, Bob
Kruger, Ian
Noonan, Ian
Marzano, Lisa
Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
title Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
title_full Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
title_fullStr Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
title_full_unstemmed Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
title_short Behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
title_sort behaviours preceding suicides at railway and underground locations: a multimethodological qualitative approach
topic Mental Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5898325/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29643167
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021076
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