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Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations
Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. NMs are categorized depending on their size, composition, shape, and origin. The ability to predict the u...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Beilstein-Institut
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5905289/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29719757 http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.98 |
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author | Jeevanandam, Jaison Barhoum, Ahmed Chan, Yen S Dufresne, Alain Danquah, Michael K |
author_facet | Jeevanandam, Jaison Barhoum, Ahmed Chan, Yen S Dufresne, Alain Danquah, Michael K |
author_sort | Jeevanandam, Jaison |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. NMs are categorized depending on their size, composition, shape, and origin. The ability to predict the unique properties of NMs increases the value of each classification. Due to increased growth of production of NMs and their industrial applications, issues relating to toxicity are inevitable. The aim of this review is to compare synthetic (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) to identify their nanoscale properties and to define the specific knowledge gaps related to the risk assessment of NPs and NSMs in the environment. The review presents an overview of the history and classifications of NMs and gives an overview of the various sources of NPs and NSMs, from natural to synthetic, and their toxic effects towards mammalian cells and tissue. Additionally, the types of toxic reactions associated with NPs and NSMs and the regulations implemented by different countries to reduce the associated risks are also discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5905289 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Beilstein-Institut |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59052892018-05-01 Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations Jeevanandam, Jaison Barhoum, Ahmed Chan, Yen S Dufresne, Alain Danquah, Michael K Beilstein J Nanotechnol Review Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. NMs are categorized depending on their size, composition, shape, and origin. The ability to predict the unique properties of NMs increases the value of each classification. Due to increased growth of production of NMs and their industrial applications, issues relating to toxicity are inevitable. The aim of this review is to compare synthetic (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) to identify their nanoscale properties and to define the specific knowledge gaps related to the risk assessment of NPs and NSMs in the environment. The review presents an overview of the history and classifications of NMs and gives an overview of the various sources of NPs and NSMs, from natural to synthetic, and their toxic effects towards mammalian cells and tissue. Additionally, the types of toxic reactions associated with NPs and NSMs and the regulations implemented by different countries to reduce the associated risks are also discussed. Beilstein-Institut 2018-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5905289/ /pubmed/29719757 http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.98 Text en Copyright © 2018, Jeevanandam et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/termsThis is an Open Access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The license is subject to the Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology terms and conditions: (https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/terms) |
spellingShingle | Review Jeevanandam, Jaison Barhoum, Ahmed Chan, Yen S Dufresne, Alain Danquah, Michael K Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
title | Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
title_full | Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
title_fullStr | Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
title_full_unstemmed | Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
title_short | Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
title_sort | review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5905289/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29719757 http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.98 |
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