Priapism as the initial sign in hematologic disease: Case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION: Priapism is an uncommon sign and sometimes considered a diagnosis challenge into systemic disease; this is defined as ≥4 h continuous penile erection, without sexual stimulation. We state that this work has been reported in line with the SCARE criteria PRESENTATION OF CASE: A Mexican 52-year-old man was brought to the emergency room with priapism of six days of evolution. His medical history reported fatigue and waxy pallor had begun a month ago, the rest of interrogation was unremarked. Hyperleukocitosis (>250,000 cells/ml) was documented on his preoperative evaluation, the initial step was hematology consultation due to malignance suspicion, followed by corpora cavernosa drainage-irrigation and surgery penis shunts. After of procedure, we realized bone marrow aspiration, kariotype and cytogenetic analysis, histopathological and moleculars assay reported myeloid hyperplasia compatible with acute phase CML and Philadelphia translocation t(9:22) (q34;q11.2) with P210 BCR-ABL1 fusion transcriber, patient was discharged with dasatinib for maintenance phase. Actually, he has a satisfactory evolution without relapses. DISCUSSION: The majority of reported cases shows the individual importance of hematological diseases in priapism as it is shown in the analysis of the literature of 10 years (2006–2016) that we made. It is imperative to consider the type of priapism, and the genetic and demographic patient aspects due to the early and correct approach improves the short and long term outcome of the hematological patients. CONCLUSION: Priapism is an uncommon sign of systemic disease. In the presence of warning signs, malignancy should be considered until proven otherwise.