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Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria
OBJECTIVE: Differentiated care refers collectively to flexible service models designed to meet the differing needs of HIV-infected persons in resource-scarce settings. Decentralization is one such service model. Retention is a key indicator for monitoring the success of HIV treatment and care progra...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5909978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29682399 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000756 |
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author | Agaba, Patricia A Genberg, Becky L Sagay, Atiene S Agbaji, Oche O Meloni, Seema T Dadem, Nancin Y Kolawole, Grace O Okonkwo, Prosper Kanki, Phyllis J Ware, Norma C |
author_facet | Agaba, Patricia A Genberg, Becky L Sagay, Atiene S Agbaji, Oche O Meloni, Seema T Dadem, Nancin Y Kolawole, Grace O Okonkwo, Prosper Kanki, Phyllis J Ware, Norma C |
author_sort | Agaba, Patricia A |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Differentiated care refers collectively to flexible service models designed to meet the differing needs of HIV-infected persons in resource-scarce settings. Decentralization is one such service model. Retention is a key indicator for monitoring the success of HIV treatment and care programs. We used multiple measures to compare retention in a cohort of patients receiving HIV care at “hub” (central) and “spoke” (decentralized) sites in a large public HIV treatment program in north central Nigeria. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized longitudinal program data representing central and decentralized levels of care in the Plateau State Decentralization Initiative, north central Nigeria. We examined retention with patient- level (retention at fixed times, loss-to-follow-up [LTFU]) and visit-level (gaps-in-care, visit constancy) measures. Regression models with generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to estimate the effect of decentralization on visit-level measures. Patient-level measures were examined using survival methods with Cox regression models, controlling for baseline variables. RESULTS: Of 15,650 patients, 43% were enrolled at the hub. Median time in care was 3.1 years. Hub patients were less likely to be LTFU (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=0.91, 95% CI: 0.85-0.97), compared to spoke patients. Visit constancy was lower at the hub (−4.5%, 95% CI: −3.5, −5.5), where gaps in care were also more likely to occur (adjusted odds ratio=1.95, 95% CI: 1.83-2.08). CONCLUSION: Decentralized sites demonstrated better retention outcomes using visit-level measures, while the hub achieved better retention outcomes using patient-level measures. Retention estimates produced by incorporating multiple measures showed substantial variation, confirming the influence of measurement strategies on the results of retention research. Future studies of retention in HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa will be well-served by including multiple measures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5909978 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59099782018-04-20 Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria Agaba, Patricia A Genberg, Becky L Sagay, Atiene S Agbaji, Oche O Meloni, Seema T Dadem, Nancin Y Kolawole, Grace O Okonkwo, Prosper Kanki, Phyllis J Ware, Norma C J AIDS Clin Res Article OBJECTIVE: Differentiated care refers collectively to flexible service models designed to meet the differing needs of HIV-infected persons in resource-scarce settings. Decentralization is one such service model. Retention is a key indicator for monitoring the success of HIV treatment and care programs. We used multiple measures to compare retention in a cohort of patients receiving HIV care at “hub” (central) and “spoke” (decentralized) sites in a large public HIV treatment program in north central Nigeria. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized longitudinal program data representing central and decentralized levels of care in the Plateau State Decentralization Initiative, north central Nigeria. We examined retention with patient- level (retention at fixed times, loss-to-follow-up [LTFU]) and visit-level (gaps-in-care, visit constancy) measures. Regression models with generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to estimate the effect of decentralization on visit-level measures. Patient-level measures were examined using survival methods with Cox regression models, controlling for baseline variables. RESULTS: Of 15,650 patients, 43% were enrolled at the hub. Median time in care was 3.1 years. Hub patients were less likely to be LTFU (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=0.91, 95% CI: 0.85-0.97), compared to spoke patients. Visit constancy was lower at the hub (−4.5%, 95% CI: −3.5, −5.5), where gaps in care were also more likely to occur (adjusted odds ratio=1.95, 95% CI: 1.83-2.08). CONCLUSION: Decentralized sites demonstrated better retention outcomes using visit-level measures, while the hub achieved better retention outcomes using patient-level measures. Retention estimates produced by incorporating multiple measures showed substantial variation, confirming the influence of measurement strategies on the results of retention research. Future studies of retention in HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa will be well-served by including multiple measures. 2018-02-13 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC5909978/ /pubmed/29682399 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000756 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Article Agaba, Patricia A Genberg, Becky L Sagay, Atiene S Agbaji, Oche O Meloni, Seema T Dadem, Nancin Y Kolawole, Grace O Okonkwo, Prosper Kanki, Phyllis J Ware, Norma C Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria |
title | Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria |
title_full | Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria |
title_fullStr | Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria |
title_full_unstemmed | Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria |
title_short | Retention in Differentiated Care: Multiple Measures Analysis for a Decentralized HIV Care and Treatment Program in North Central Nigeria |
title_sort | retention in differentiated care: multiple measures analysis for a decentralized hiv care and treatment program in north central nigeria |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5909978/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29682399 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000756 |
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