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Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo
BACKGROUND: Most data on the architecture of the human soleus muscle have been obtained from cadaveric dissection or two-dimensional ultrasound imaging. We present the first comprehensive, quantitative study on the three-dimensional anatomy of the human soleus muscle in vivo using diffusion tensor i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5910694/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29682414 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4610 |
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author | Bolsterlee, Bart Finni, Taija D’Souza, Arkiev Eguchi, Junya Clarke, Elizabeth C. Herbert, Robert D. |
author_facet | Bolsterlee, Bart Finni, Taija D’Souza, Arkiev Eguchi, Junya Clarke, Elizabeth C. Herbert, Robert D. |
author_sort | Bolsterlee, Bart |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Most data on the architecture of the human soleus muscle have been obtained from cadaveric dissection or two-dimensional ultrasound imaging. We present the first comprehensive, quantitative study on the three-dimensional anatomy of the human soleus muscle in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques. METHODS: We report three-dimensional fascicle lengths, pennation angles, fascicle curvatures, physiological cross-sectional areas and volumes in four compartments of the soleus at ankle joint angles of 69 ± 12° (plantarflexion, short muscle length; average ± SD across subjects) and 108 ± 7° (dorsiflexion, long muscle length) of six healthy young adults. Microdissection and three-dimensional digitisation on two cadaveric muscles corroborated the compartmentalised structure of the soleus, and confirmed the validity of DTI-based muscle fascicle reconstructions. RESULTS: The posterior compartments of the soleus comprised 80 ± 5% of the total muscle volume (356 ± 58 cm(3)). At the short muscle length, the average fascicle length, pennation angle and curvature was 37 ± 8 mm, 31 ± 3° and 17 ± 4 /m, respectively. We did not find differences in fascicle lengths between compartments. However, pennation angles were on average 12° larger (p < 0.01) in the posterior compartments than in the anterior compartments. For every centimetre that the muscle-tendon unit lengthened, fascicle lengths increased by 3.7 ± 0.8 mm, pennation angles decreased by −3.2 ± 0.9° and curvatures decreased by −2.7 ± 0.8 /m. Fascicles in the posterior compartments rotated almost twice as much as in the anterior compartments during passive lengthening. DISCUSSION: The homogeneity in fascicle lengths and inhomogeneity in pennation angles of the soleus may indicate a functionally different role for the anterior and posterior compartments. The data and techniques presented here demonstrate how DTI can be used to obtain detailed, quantitative measurements of the anatomy of complex skeletal muscles in living humans. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5910694 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59106942018-04-22 Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo Bolsterlee, Bart Finni, Taija D’Souza, Arkiev Eguchi, Junya Clarke, Elizabeth C. Herbert, Robert D. PeerJ Anatomy and Physiology BACKGROUND: Most data on the architecture of the human soleus muscle have been obtained from cadaveric dissection or two-dimensional ultrasound imaging. We present the first comprehensive, quantitative study on the three-dimensional anatomy of the human soleus muscle in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques. METHODS: We report three-dimensional fascicle lengths, pennation angles, fascicle curvatures, physiological cross-sectional areas and volumes in four compartments of the soleus at ankle joint angles of 69 ± 12° (plantarflexion, short muscle length; average ± SD across subjects) and 108 ± 7° (dorsiflexion, long muscle length) of six healthy young adults. Microdissection and three-dimensional digitisation on two cadaveric muscles corroborated the compartmentalised structure of the soleus, and confirmed the validity of DTI-based muscle fascicle reconstructions. RESULTS: The posterior compartments of the soleus comprised 80 ± 5% of the total muscle volume (356 ± 58 cm(3)). At the short muscle length, the average fascicle length, pennation angle and curvature was 37 ± 8 mm, 31 ± 3° and 17 ± 4 /m, respectively. We did not find differences in fascicle lengths between compartments. However, pennation angles were on average 12° larger (p < 0.01) in the posterior compartments than in the anterior compartments. For every centimetre that the muscle-tendon unit lengthened, fascicle lengths increased by 3.7 ± 0.8 mm, pennation angles decreased by −3.2 ± 0.9° and curvatures decreased by −2.7 ± 0.8 /m. Fascicles in the posterior compartments rotated almost twice as much as in the anterior compartments during passive lengthening. DISCUSSION: The homogeneity in fascicle lengths and inhomogeneity in pennation angles of the soleus may indicate a functionally different role for the anterior and posterior compartments. The data and techniques presented here demonstrate how DTI can be used to obtain detailed, quantitative measurements of the anatomy of complex skeletal muscles in living humans. PeerJ Inc. 2018-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5910694/ /pubmed/29682414 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4610 Text en ©2018 Bolsterlee et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Anatomy and Physiology Bolsterlee, Bart Finni, Taija D’Souza, Arkiev Eguchi, Junya Clarke, Elizabeth C. Herbert, Robert D. Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
title | Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
title_full | Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
title_fullStr | Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
title_full_unstemmed | Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
title_short | Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
title_sort | three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo |
topic | Anatomy and Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5910694/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29682414 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4610 |
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