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Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks

Adrenal glucocorticoids (GCs) control a wide range of physiological processes, including metabolism, cardiovascular and pulmonary activities, immune and inflammatory responses, and various brain functions. During stress responses, GCs are secreted through activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Son, Gi Hoon, Cha, Hyo Kyeong, Chung, Sooyoung, Kim, Kyungjin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Endocrine Society 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29713692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2018-00021
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author Son, Gi Hoon
Cha, Hyo Kyeong
Chung, Sooyoung
Kim, Kyungjin
author_facet Son, Gi Hoon
Cha, Hyo Kyeong
Chung, Sooyoung
Kim, Kyungjin
author_sort Son, Gi Hoon
collection PubMed
description Adrenal glucocorticoids (GCs) control a wide range of physiological processes, including metabolism, cardiovascular and pulmonary activities, immune and inflammatory responses, and various brain functions. During stress responses, GCs are secreted through activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, whereas circulating GC levels in unstressed states follow a robust circadian oscillation with a peak around the onset of the active period of a day. A recent advance in chronobiological research has revealed that multiple regulatory mechanisms, along with classical neuroendocrine regulation, underlie this GC circadian rhythm. The hierarchically organized circadian system, with a central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and local oscillators in peripheral tissues, including the adrenal gland, mediates periodicities in physiological processes in mammals. In this review, we primarily focus on our understanding of the circadian regulation of adrenal GC rhythm, with particular attention to the cooperative actions of the suprachiasmatic nucleus central and adrenal local clocks, and the clinical implications of this rhythm in human diseases.
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spelling pubmed-59159592018-04-30 Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks Son, Gi Hoon Cha, Hyo Kyeong Chung, Sooyoung Kim, Kyungjin J Endocr Soc Mini-Review Adrenal glucocorticoids (GCs) control a wide range of physiological processes, including metabolism, cardiovascular and pulmonary activities, immune and inflammatory responses, and various brain functions. During stress responses, GCs are secreted through activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, whereas circulating GC levels in unstressed states follow a robust circadian oscillation with a peak around the onset of the active period of a day. A recent advance in chronobiological research has revealed that multiple regulatory mechanisms, along with classical neuroendocrine regulation, underlie this GC circadian rhythm. The hierarchically organized circadian system, with a central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and local oscillators in peripheral tissues, including the adrenal gland, mediates periodicities in physiological processes in mammals. In this review, we primarily focus on our understanding of the circadian regulation of adrenal GC rhythm, with particular attention to the cooperative actions of the suprachiasmatic nucleus central and adrenal local clocks, and the clinical implications of this rhythm in human diseases. Endocrine Society 2018-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5915959/ /pubmed/29713692 http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2018-00021 Text en Copyright © 2018 Endocrine Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article has been published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial, No-Derivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Mini-Review
Son, Gi Hoon
Cha, Hyo Kyeong
Chung, Sooyoung
Kim, Kyungjin
Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks
title Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks
title_full Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks
title_fullStr Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks
title_full_unstemmed Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks
title_short Multimodal Regulation of Circadian Glucocorticoid Rhythm by Central and Adrenal Clocks
title_sort multimodal regulation of circadian glucocorticoid rhythm by central and adrenal clocks
topic Mini-Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915959/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29713692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2018-00021
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