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A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105

Labyrinthulomycetes have been regarded as a promising industrial source of xanthophylls, including astaxanthin and canthaxanthin, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid, ω-3 oils, and terpenic hydrocarbons, such as sterols and squalene. A Thraustochytrid,...

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Autores principales: Iwasaka, Hiroaki, Koyanagi, Ryo, Satoh, Ryota, Nagano, Akiko, Watanabe, Kenshi, Hisata, Kanako, Satoh, Noriyuki, Aki, Tsunehiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5924542/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29642531
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9040200
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author Iwasaka, Hiroaki
Koyanagi, Ryo
Satoh, Ryota
Nagano, Akiko
Watanabe, Kenshi
Hisata, Kanako
Satoh, Noriyuki
Aki, Tsunehiro
author_facet Iwasaka, Hiroaki
Koyanagi, Ryo
Satoh, Ryota
Nagano, Akiko
Watanabe, Kenshi
Hisata, Kanako
Satoh, Noriyuki
Aki, Tsunehiro
author_sort Iwasaka, Hiroaki
collection PubMed
description Labyrinthulomycetes have been regarded as a promising industrial source of xanthophylls, including astaxanthin and canthaxanthin, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid, ω-3 oils, and terpenic hydrocarbons, such as sterols and squalene. A Thraustochytrid, Aurantiochytrium sp. KH105 produces carotenoids, including astaxanthin, with strong antioxidant activity. To gain genomic insights into this capacity, we decoded its 97-Mbp genome and characterized genes for enzymes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis. Interestingly, all carotenogenic genes, as well as other eukaryotic genes, appeared duplicated, suggesting that this strain is diploid. In addition, among the five genes involved in the pathway from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to astaxanthin, geranylgeranyl phytoene synthase (crtB), phytoene desaturase (crtI) and lycopene cyclase (crtY) were fused into single gene (crtIBY) with no internal stop codons. Functionality of the trifunctional enzyme, CrtIBY, to catalyze the reaction from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to β-carotene was confirmed using a yeast assay system and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, analyses of differential gene expression showed characteristic up-regulation of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during stationary and starvation phases under these culture conditions. This suggests genetic engineering events to promote more efficient production of carotenoids. We also showed an occurrence of crtIBY in other Thraustochytrid species.
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spelling pubmed-59245422018-05-03 A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105 Iwasaka, Hiroaki Koyanagi, Ryo Satoh, Ryota Nagano, Akiko Watanabe, Kenshi Hisata, Kanako Satoh, Noriyuki Aki, Tsunehiro Genes (Basel) Article Labyrinthulomycetes have been regarded as a promising industrial source of xanthophylls, including astaxanthin and canthaxanthin, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid, ω-3 oils, and terpenic hydrocarbons, such as sterols and squalene. A Thraustochytrid, Aurantiochytrium sp. KH105 produces carotenoids, including astaxanthin, with strong antioxidant activity. To gain genomic insights into this capacity, we decoded its 97-Mbp genome and characterized genes for enzymes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis. Interestingly, all carotenogenic genes, as well as other eukaryotic genes, appeared duplicated, suggesting that this strain is diploid. In addition, among the five genes involved in the pathway from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to astaxanthin, geranylgeranyl phytoene synthase (crtB), phytoene desaturase (crtI) and lycopene cyclase (crtY) were fused into single gene (crtIBY) with no internal stop codons. Functionality of the trifunctional enzyme, CrtIBY, to catalyze the reaction from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to β-carotene was confirmed using a yeast assay system and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, analyses of differential gene expression showed characteristic up-regulation of carotenoid biosynthetic genes during stationary and starvation phases under these culture conditions. This suggests genetic engineering events to promote more efficient production of carotenoids. We also showed an occurrence of crtIBY in other Thraustochytrid species. MDPI 2018-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5924542/ /pubmed/29642531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9040200 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Iwasaka, Hiroaki
Koyanagi, Ryo
Satoh, Ryota
Nagano, Akiko
Watanabe, Kenshi
Hisata, Kanako
Satoh, Noriyuki
Aki, Tsunehiro
A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105
title A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105
title_full A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105
title_fullStr A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105
title_full_unstemmed A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105
title_short A Possible Trifunctional β-Carotene Synthase Gene Identified in the Draft Genome of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain KH105
title_sort possible trifunctional β-carotene synthase gene identified in the draft genome of aurantiochytrium sp. strain kh105
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5924542/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29642531
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9040200
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