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Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions

Spatial attention and expectation are two critical top-down mechanisms controlling perceptual inference. Based on previous research it remains unclear whether their influence on perceptual decisions is additive or interactive. We developed a novel multisensory approach that orthogonally manipulated...

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Autores principales: Zuanazzi, Arianna, Noppeney, Uta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5928039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29712941
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24703-6
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author Zuanazzi, Arianna
Noppeney, Uta
author_facet Zuanazzi, Arianna
Noppeney, Uta
author_sort Zuanazzi, Arianna
collection PubMed
description Spatial attention and expectation are two critical top-down mechanisms controlling perceptual inference. Based on previous research it remains unclear whether their influence on perceptual decisions is additive or interactive. We developed a novel multisensory approach that orthogonally manipulated spatial attention (i.e. task-relevance) and expectation (i.e. signal probability) selectively in audition and evaluated their effects on observers’ responses in vision. Critically, while experiment 1 manipulated expectation directly via the probability of task-relevant auditory targets across hemifields, experiment 2 manipulated it indirectly via task-irrelevant auditory non-targets. Surprisingly, our results demonstrate that spatial attention and signal probability influence perceptual decisions either additively or interactively. These seemingly contradictory results can be explained parsimoniously by a model that combines spatial attention, general and spatially selective response probabilities as predictors with no direct influence of signal probability. Our model provides a novel perspective on how spatial attention and expectation facilitate effective interactions with the environment.
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spelling pubmed-59280392018-05-07 Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions Zuanazzi, Arianna Noppeney, Uta Sci Rep Article Spatial attention and expectation are two critical top-down mechanisms controlling perceptual inference. Based on previous research it remains unclear whether their influence on perceptual decisions is additive or interactive. We developed a novel multisensory approach that orthogonally manipulated spatial attention (i.e. task-relevance) and expectation (i.e. signal probability) selectively in audition and evaluated their effects on observers’ responses in vision. Critically, while experiment 1 manipulated expectation directly via the probability of task-relevant auditory targets across hemifields, experiment 2 manipulated it indirectly via task-irrelevant auditory non-targets. Surprisingly, our results demonstrate that spatial attention and signal probability influence perceptual decisions either additively or interactively. These seemingly contradictory results can be explained parsimoniously by a model that combines spatial attention, general and spatially selective response probabilities as predictors with no direct influence of signal probability. Our model provides a novel perspective on how spatial attention and expectation facilitate effective interactions with the environment. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5928039/ /pubmed/29712941 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24703-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Zuanazzi, Arianna
Noppeney, Uta
Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
title Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
title_full Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
title_fullStr Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
title_full_unstemmed Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
title_short Additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
title_sort additive and interactive effects of spatial attention and expectation on perceptual decisions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5928039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29712941
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24703-6
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