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Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India

Children in poor environmental conditions are exposed early and often to enteric pathogens, but within developing countries, heterogeneity in enteropathogen exposure in different settings and communities is rarely addressed. We tested fecal samples from healthy infants and children from two differen...

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Autores principales: Praharaj, Ira, Revathy, R., Bandyopadhyay, Rini, Benny, Blossom, Azharuddin KO, Mohammed, Liu, Jie, Houpt, Eric R., Kang, Gagandeep
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5929183/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29231154
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0324
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author Praharaj, Ira
Revathy, R.
Bandyopadhyay, Rini
Benny, Blossom
Azharuddin KO, Mohammed
Liu, Jie
Houpt, Eric R.
Kang, Gagandeep
author_facet Praharaj, Ira
Revathy, R.
Bandyopadhyay, Rini
Benny, Blossom
Azharuddin KO, Mohammed
Liu, Jie
Houpt, Eric R.
Kang, Gagandeep
author_sort Praharaj, Ira
collection PubMed
description Children in poor environmental conditions are exposed early and often to enteric pathogens, but within developing countries, heterogeneity in enteropathogen exposure in different settings and communities is rarely addressed. We tested fecal samples from healthy infants and children from two different environments in the same Indian town for gut enteropathogens and biomarkers of gut inflammation. A significantly higher proportion of infants and children from a poor semi-urban neighborhood (93%) had one or more enteropathogens than those from a medical college campus (71.7%). Infants and children from the poor neighborhood had an average of 3.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.9–3.7) enteropathogens compared with an average of 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0–1.7) enteropathogens in campus infants/children. Viral and bacterial infections, including enteroviruses, adenoviruses, Campylobacter spp., and diarrhegenic Escherichia coli were more common and fecal biomarkers of inflammation were higher in the poor neighborhood. The findings demonstrate significant difference in the asymptomatic carriage of gut enteropathogens and gut inflammatory biomarkers in infants and children from two different environments within the same town in south India.
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spelling pubmed-59291832018-05-08 Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India Praharaj, Ira Revathy, R. Bandyopadhyay, Rini Benny, Blossom Azharuddin KO, Mohammed Liu, Jie Houpt, Eric R. Kang, Gagandeep Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles Children in poor environmental conditions are exposed early and often to enteric pathogens, but within developing countries, heterogeneity in enteropathogen exposure in different settings and communities is rarely addressed. We tested fecal samples from healthy infants and children from two different environments in the same Indian town for gut enteropathogens and biomarkers of gut inflammation. A significantly higher proportion of infants and children from a poor semi-urban neighborhood (93%) had one or more enteropathogens than those from a medical college campus (71.7%). Infants and children from the poor neighborhood had an average of 3.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.9–3.7) enteropathogens compared with an average of 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0–1.7) enteropathogens in campus infants/children. Viral and bacterial infections, including enteroviruses, adenoviruses, Campylobacter spp., and diarrhegenic Escherichia coli were more common and fecal biomarkers of inflammation were higher in the poor neighborhood. The findings demonstrate significant difference in the asymptomatic carriage of gut enteropathogens and gut inflammatory biomarkers in infants and children from two different environments within the same town in south India. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018-02 2017-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5929183/ /pubmed/29231154 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0324 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Praharaj, Ira
Revathy, R.
Bandyopadhyay, Rini
Benny, Blossom
Azharuddin KO, Mohammed
Liu, Jie
Houpt, Eric R.
Kang, Gagandeep
Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India
title Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India
title_full Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India
title_fullStr Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India
title_full_unstemmed Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India
title_short Enteropathogens and Gut Inflammation in Asymptomatic Infants and Children in Different Environments in Southern India
title_sort enteropathogens and gut inflammation in asymptomatic infants and children in different environments in southern india
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5929183/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29231154
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0324
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