Cargando…
Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care
In malaria-endemic areas, Plasmodium falciparum prevalence is often high in young women because of 1) low use of insecticide-treated nets before their first pregnancy and 2) acquired immunity, meaning infections are asymptomatic and thus untreated. Consequently, a common source of malaria in pregnan...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5929207/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29210351 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0620 |
_version_ | 1783319362262794240 |
---|---|
author | Berry, Isha Walker, Patrick Tagbor, Harry Bojang, Kalifa Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar Kayentao, Kassoum Williams, John Oduro, Abraham Milligan, Paul Chandramohan, Daniel Greenwood, Brian Cairns, Matthew |
author_facet | Berry, Isha Walker, Patrick Tagbor, Harry Bojang, Kalifa Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar Kayentao, Kassoum Williams, John Oduro, Abraham Milligan, Paul Chandramohan, Daniel Greenwood, Brian Cairns, Matthew |
author_sort | Berry, Isha |
collection | PubMed |
description | In malaria-endemic areas, Plasmodium falciparum prevalence is often high in young women because of 1) low use of insecticide-treated nets before their first pregnancy and 2) acquired immunity, meaning infections are asymptomatic and thus untreated. Consequently, a common source of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) may be infected women becoming pregnant, rather than pregnant women becoming infected. In this study, prevalence of infection was determined by microscopy at first antenatal care (ANC) visit in primigravidae and secundigravidae in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mali, and The Gambia, four countries with strong seasonal variations in transmission. Duration of pregnancy spent in the rainy season and other risk factors for infection were evaluated using multivariable Poisson regression. We found that the overall prevalence of malaria at first ANC was generally high and increased with time spent pregnant during the rainy season: prevalence among those with the longest exposure was 59.7% in Ghana, 56.7% in Burkina Faso, 42.2% in Mali, and 16.8% in Gambia. However, the prevalence was substantial even among women whose entire pregnancy before first ANC had occurred in the dry season: 41.3%, 34.4%, 11.5%, and 7.8%, respectively, in the four countries. In multivariable analysis, risk of infection was also higher among primigravidae, younger women, and those of lower socioeconomic status, independent of seasonality. High prevalence among women without exposure to high transmission during their pregnancy suggests that part of the MiP burden results from long-duration infections, including those acquired preconception. Prevention of malaria before pregnancy is needed to reduce the MiP burden. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5929207 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59292072018-05-08 Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care Berry, Isha Walker, Patrick Tagbor, Harry Bojang, Kalifa Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar Kayentao, Kassoum Williams, John Oduro, Abraham Milligan, Paul Chandramohan, Daniel Greenwood, Brian Cairns, Matthew Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles In malaria-endemic areas, Plasmodium falciparum prevalence is often high in young women because of 1) low use of insecticide-treated nets before their first pregnancy and 2) acquired immunity, meaning infections are asymptomatic and thus untreated. Consequently, a common source of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) may be infected women becoming pregnant, rather than pregnant women becoming infected. In this study, prevalence of infection was determined by microscopy at first antenatal care (ANC) visit in primigravidae and secundigravidae in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mali, and The Gambia, four countries with strong seasonal variations in transmission. Duration of pregnancy spent in the rainy season and other risk factors for infection were evaluated using multivariable Poisson regression. We found that the overall prevalence of malaria at first ANC was generally high and increased with time spent pregnant during the rainy season: prevalence among those with the longest exposure was 59.7% in Ghana, 56.7% in Burkina Faso, 42.2% in Mali, and 16.8% in Gambia. However, the prevalence was substantial even among women whose entire pregnancy before first ANC had occurred in the dry season: 41.3%, 34.4%, 11.5%, and 7.8%, respectively, in the four countries. In multivariable analysis, risk of infection was also higher among primigravidae, younger women, and those of lower socioeconomic status, independent of seasonality. High prevalence among women without exposure to high transmission during their pregnancy suggests that part of the MiP burden results from long-duration infections, including those acquired preconception. Prevention of malaria before pregnancy is needed to reduce the MiP burden. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018-02 2017-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5929207/ /pubmed/29210351 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0620 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Berry, Isha Walker, Patrick Tagbor, Harry Bojang, Kalifa Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar Kayentao, Kassoum Williams, John Oduro, Abraham Milligan, Paul Chandramohan, Daniel Greenwood, Brian Cairns, Matthew Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care |
title | Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care |
title_full | Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care |
title_fullStr | Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care |
title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care |
title_short | Seasonal Dynamics of Malaria in Pregnancy in West Africa: Evidence for Carriage of Infections Acquired Before Pregnancy Until First Contact with Antenatal Care |
title_sort | seasonal dynamics of malaria in pregnancy in west africa: evidence for carriage of infections acquired before pregnancy until first contact with antenatal care |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5929207/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29210351 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0620 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT berryisha seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT walkerpatrick seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT tagborharry seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT bojangkalifa seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT coulibalysheickoumar seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT kayentaokassoum seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT williamsjohn seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT oduroabraham seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT milliganpaul seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT chandramohandaniel seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT greenwoodbrian seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare AT cairnsmatthew seasonaldynamicsofmalariainpregnancyinwestafricaevidenceforcarriageofinfectionsacquiredbeforepregnancyuntilfirstcontactwithantenatalcare |