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Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis

BACKGROUND: There has been considerable interest in the role of access to unhealthy food options as a determinant of weight status. There is conflict across the literature as to the existence of such an association, partly due to the dominance of cross-sectional study designs and inconsistent defini...

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Autores principales: Green, Mark A., Radley, Duncan, Lomax, Nik, Morris, Michelle A., Griffiths, Claire
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5930416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29716577
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5383-z
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author Green, Mark A.
Radley, Duncan
Lomax, Nik
Morris, Michelle A.
Griffiths, Claire
author_facet Green, Mark A.
Radley, Duncan
Lomax, Nik
Morris, Michelle A.
Griffiths, Claire
author_sort Green, Mark A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There has been considerable interest in the role of access to unhealthy food options as a determinant of weight status. There is conflict across the literature as to the existence of such an association, partly due to the dominance of cross-sectional study designs and inconsistent definitions of the food environment. The aim of our study is to use longitudinal data to examine if features of the food environment are associated to measures of adolescent weight status. METHODS: Data were collected from secondary schools in Leeds (UK) and included measurements at school years 7 (ages 11/12), 9 (13/14), and 11 (15/16). Outcome variables, for weight status, were standardised body mass index and standardised waist circumference. Explanatory variables included the number of fast food outlets, supermarkets and ‘other retail outlets’ located within a 1 km radius of an individual’s home or school, and estimated travel route between these locations (with a 500 m buffer). Multi-level models were fit to analyse the association (adjusted for confounders) between the explanatory and outcome variables. We also examined changes in our outcome variables between each time period. RESULTS: We found few associations between the food environment and measures of adolescent weight status. Where significant associations were detected, they mainly demonstrated a positive association between the number of amenities and weight status (although effect sizes were small). Examining changes in weight status between time periods produced mainly non-significant or inconsistent associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found little consistent evidence of an association between features of the food environment and adolescent weight status. It suggests that policy efforts focusing on the food environment may have a limited effect at tackling the high prevalence of obesity if not supported by additional strategies.
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spelling pubmed-59304162018-05-09 Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis Green, Mark A. Radley, Duncan Lomax, Nik Morris, Michelle A. Griffiths, Claire BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: There has been considerable interest in the role of access to unhealthy food options as a determinant of weight status. There is conflict across the literature as to the existence of such an association, partly due to the dominance of cross-sectional study designs and inconsistent definitions of the food environment. The aim of our study is to use longitudinal data to examine if features of the food environment are associated to measures of adolescent weight status. METHODS: Data were collected from secondary schools in Leeds (UK) and included measurements at school years 7 (ages 11/12), 9 (13/14), and 11 (15/16). Outcome variables, for weight status, were standardised body mass index and standardised waist circumference. Explanatory variables included the number of fast food outlets, supermarkets and ‘other retail outlets’ located within a 1 km radius of an individual’s home or school, and estimated travel route between these locations (with a 500 m buffer). Multi-level models were fit to analyse the association (adjusted for confounders) between the explanatory and outcome variables. We also examined changes in our outcome variables between each time period. RESULTS: We found few associations between the food environment and measures of adolescent weight status. Where significant associations were detected, they mainly demonstrated a positive association between the number of amenities and weight status (although effect sizes were small). Examining changes in weight status between time periods produced mainly non-significant or inconsistent associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found little consistent evidence of an association between features of the food environment and adolescent weight status. It suggests that policy efforts focusing on the food environment may have a limited effect at tackling the high prevalence of obesity if not supported by additional strategies. BioMed Central 2018-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5930416/ /pubmed/29716577 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5383-z Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Green, Mark A.
Radley, Duncan
Lomax, Nik
Morris, Michelle A.
Griffiths, Claire
Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis
title Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis
title_full Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis
title_fullStr Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis
title_full_unstemmed Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis
title_short Is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? A longitudinal analysis
title_sort is adolescent body mass index and waist circumference associated with the food environments surrounding schools and homes? a longitudinal analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5930416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29716577
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5383-z
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