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Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya

Vector control programs, particularly in the form of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), are essential for achieving malaria elimination goals. Recent reports of increasing knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation frequencies for Anopheles arabiensis in Western Kenya heightens the concern on the future...

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Autores principales: Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth, Strahl, Stephanie, Yang, Eugene, Nguyen, Amanda, Lo, Eugenia, Zhong, Daibin, Atieli, Harrysone, Githeko, Andrew, Yan, Guiyun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5930888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29363447
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0445
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author Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth
Strahl, Stephanie
Yang, Eugene
Nguyen, Amanda
Lo, Eugenia
Zhong, Daibin
Atieli, Harrysone
Githeko, Andrew
Yan, Guiyun
author_facet Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth
Strahl, Stephanie
Yang, Eugene
Nguyen, Amanda
Lo, Eugenia
Zhong, Daibin
Atieli, Harrysone
Githeko, Andrew
Yan, Guiyun
author_sort Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth
collection PubMed
description Vector control programs, particularly in the form of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), are essential for achieving malaria elimination goals. Recent reports of increasing knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation frequencies for Anopheles arabiensis in Western Kenya heightens the concern on the future effectiveness of ITNs in Kenya. We examined resistance in An. arabiensis populations across Kenya through kdr mutations and World Health Organization–recommended bioassays. We detected two kdr alleles, L1014F and L1014S. Kdr mutations were found in five of the 11 study sites, with mutation frequencies ranging from 3% to 63%. In two Western Kenya populations, the kdr L1014F allele frequency was as high as 10%. The L1014S frequency was highest at Chulaimbo at 55%. Notably, the kdr L1014F mutation was found to be associated with pyrethroid resistance at Port Victoria, but kdr mutations were not significantly associated with resistance at Chulaimbo, which had the highest kdr mutation frequency among all sites. This study demonstrated the emerging pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis and that pyrethroid resistance may be related to kdr mutations. Resistance monitoring and management are urgently needed for this species in Kenya where resistance is emerging and its abundance is becoming predominant. Kdr mutations may serve as a biomarker for pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis.
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spelling pubmed-59308882018-05-08 Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth Strahl, Stephanie Yang, Eugene Nguyen, Amanda Lo, Eugenia Zhong, Daibin Atieli, Harrysone Githeko, Andrew Yan, Guiyun Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles Vector control programs, particularly in the form of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), are essential for achieving malaria elimination goals. Recent reports of increasing knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation frequencies for Anopheles arabiensis in Western Kenya heightens the concern on the future effectiveness of ITNs in Kenya. We examined resistance in An. arabiensis populations across Kenya through kdr mutations and World Health Organization–recommended bioassays. We detected two kdr alleles, L1014F and L1014S. Kdr mutations were found in five of the 11 study sites, with mutation frequencies ranging from 3% to 63%. In two Western Kenya populations, the kdr L1014F allele frequency was as high as 10%. The L1014S frequency was highest at Chulaimbo at 55%. Notably, the kdr L1014F mutation was found to be associated with pyrethroid resistance at Port Victoria, but kdr mutations were not significantly associated with resistance at Chulaimbo, which had the highest kdr mutation frequency among all sites. This study demonstrated the emerging pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis and that pyrethroid resistance may be related to kdr mutations. Resistance monitoring and management are urgently needed for this species in Kenya where resistance is emerging and its abundance is becoming predominant. Kdr mutations may serve as a biomarker for pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2018-03 2018-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5930888/ /pubmed/29363447 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0445 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Hemming-Schroeder, Elizabeth
Strahl, Stephanie
Yang, Eugene
Nguyen, Amanda
Lo, Eugenia
Zhong, Daibin
Atieli, Harrysone
Githeko, Andrew
Yan, Guiyun
Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
title Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
title_full Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
title_fullStr Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
title_short Emerging Pyrethroid Resistance among Anopheles arabiensis in Kenya
title_sort emerging pyrethroid resistance among anopheles arabiensis in kenya
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5930888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29363447
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0445
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