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Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism?
The brain orchestrates organ function and regulates whole body metabolism by the concerted action of neurons and glia cells in the central nervous system. To do so, the brain has tremendously high energy consumption and relies mainly on glucose utilization and mitochondrial function in order to exer...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5932182/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29755410 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00196 |
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author | Castro, José Pedro Wardelmann, Kristina Grune, Tilman Kleinridders, André |
author_facet | Castro, José Pedro Wardelmann, Kristina Grune, Tilman Kleinridders, André |
author_sort | Castro, José Pedro |
collection | PubMed |
description | The brain orchestrates organ function and regulates whole body metabolism by the concerted action of neurons and glia cells in the central nervous system. To do so, the brain has tremendously high energy consumption and relies mainly on glucose utilization and mitochondrial function in order to exert its function. As a consequence of high rate metabolism, mitochondria in the brain accumulate errors over time, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, reactive oxygen species, and misfolded and aggregated proteins. Thus, mitochondria need to employ specific mechanisms to avoid or ameliorate the rise of damaged proteins that contribute to aberrant mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. To maintain mitochondria homeostasis (mitostasis), cells evolved molecular chaperones that shuttle, refold, or in coordination with proteolytic systems, help to maintain a low steady-state level of misfolded/aggregated proteins. Their importance is exemplified by the occurrence of various brain diseases which exhibit reduced action of chaperones. Chaperone loss (expression and/or function) has been observed during aging, metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD) or even Huntington’s (HD) diseases, where the accumulation of damage proteins is evidenced. Within this perspective, we propose that proper brain function is maintained by the joint action of mitochondrial chaperones to ensure and maintain mitostasis contributing to brain health, and that upon failure, alter brain function which can cause metabolic diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5932182 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59321822018-05-11 Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? Castro, José Pedro Wardelmann, Kristina Grune, Tilman Kleinridders, André Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology The brain orchestrates organ function and regulates whole body metabolism by the concerted action of neurons and glia cells in the central nervous system. To do so, the brain has tremendously high energy consumption and relies mainly on glucose utilization and mitochondrial function in order to exert its function. As a consequence of high rate metabolism, mitochondria in the brain accumulate errors over time, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, reactive oxygen species, and misfolded and aggregated proteins. Thus, mitochondria need to employ specific mechanisms to avoid or ameliorate the rise of damaged proteins that contribute to aberrant mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. To maintain mitochondria homeostasis (mitostasis), cells evolved molecular chaperones that shuttle, refold, or in coordination with proteolytic systems, help to maintain a low steady-state level of misfolded/aggregated proteins. Their importance is exemplified by the occurrence of various brain diseases which exhibit reduced action of chaperones. Chaperone loss (expression and/or function) has been observed during aging, metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD) or even Huntington’s (HD) diseases, where the accumulation of damage proteins is evidenced. Within this perspective, we propose that proper brain function is maintained by the joint action of mitochondrial chaperones to ensure and maintain mitostasis contributing to brain health, and that upon failure, alter brain function which can cause metabolic diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5932182/ /pubmed/29755410 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00196 Text en Copyright © 2018 Castro, Wardelmann, Grune and Kleinridders. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Castro, José Pedro Wardelmann, Kristina Grune, Tilman Kleinridders, André Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? |
title | Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? |
title_full | Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? |
title_fullStr | Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? |
title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? |
title_short | Mitochondrial Chaperones in the Brain: Safeguarding Brain Health and Metabolism? |
title_sort | mitochondrial chaperones in the brain: safeguarding brain health and metabolism? |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5932182/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29755410 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00196 |
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