Cargando…

Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of chlorhexidine 0.12% mouthwash (CHX) after tooth extraction for the prevention of alveolar osteitis (AO). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a double-blind randomised clinical trial stratified by risk factors. We enrolled a cohort of 822 patients who under...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Halabi, Diego, Escobar, Jose, Alvarado, Cyntia, Martinez, Nicolette, Muñoz, Carlos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Faculdade De Odontologia De Bauru - USP 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5933829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29742264
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0245
_version_ 1783320020634304512
author Halabi, Diego
Escobar, Jose
Alvarado, Cyntia
Martinez, Nicolette
Muñoz, Carlos
author_facet Halabi, Diego
Escobar, Jose
Alvarado, Cyntia
Martinez, Nicolette
Muñoz, Carlos
author_sort Halabi, Diego
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of chlorhexidine 0.12% mouthwash (CHX) after tooth extraction for the prevention of alveolar osteitis (AO). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a double-blind randomised clinical trial stratified by risk factors. We enrolled a cohort of 822 patients who underwent dental extractions, and were considered to be at risk of developing AO (previous surgical site infection, traumatic extraction, and tobacco smoking). After extraction, patients were randomly allocated for CHX group or placebo group, matched by risk factors. The primary outcome was clinical diagnosis of AO: increasing postoperative pain for 4 d within and around the socket, and total or partial breakdown of the blood clot in the socket with or without bone exposure. RESULTS: Follow-up was completed by 744 participants (372 chlorhexidine and 372 placebo). We detected no significant differences between the two groups at baseline. After completed follow-up, risk factors were equally distributed between the two groups. Overall incidence of OA was 4.97%, in which 27 participants treated with placebo (7.26%) and 10 participants treated with CHX (2.69%) developed AO. CHX reduced the incidence of AO by 63% [Absolute Risk Reduction: 4.57 (95% CI 1.5-7.7), Number Needed to Treat: 21.88 (95% CI 13.0-69.3), Fisher's exact test: p=0.006]. No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION: The use of chlorhexidine 0.12% mouthwash after tooth extraction is safe and effective in reducing the incidence of AO in high-risk patients.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5933829
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher Faculdade De Odontologia De Bauru - USP
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-59338292018-05-08 Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial Halabi, Diego Escobar, Jose Alvarado, Cyntia Martinez, Nicolette Muñoz, Carlos J Appl Oral Sci Original Article OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of chlorhexidine 0.12% mouthwash (CHX) after tooth extraction for the prevention of alveolar osteitis (AO). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a double-blind randomised clinical trial stratified by risk factors. We enrolled a cohort of 822 patients who underwent dental extractions, and were considered to be at risk of developing AO (previous surgical site infection, traumatic extraction, and tobacco smoking). After extraction, patients were randomly allocated for CHX group or placebo group, matched by risk factors. The primary outcome was clinical diagnosis of AO: increasing postoperative pain for 4 d within and around the socket, and total or partial breakdown of the blood clot in the socket with or without bone exposure. RESULTS: Follow-up was completed by 744 participants (372 chlorhexidine and 372 placebo). We detected no significant differences between the two groups at baseline. After completed follow-up, risk factors were equally distributed between the two groups. Overall incidence of OA was 4.97%, in which 27 participants treated with placebo (7.26%) and 10 participants treated with CHX (2.69%) developed AO. CHX reduced the incidence of AO by 63% [Absolute Risk Reduction: 4.57 (95% CI 1.5-7.7), Number Needed to Treat: 21.88 (95% CI 13.0-69.3), Fisher's exact test: p=0.006]. No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION: The use of chlorhexidine 0.12% mouthwash after tooth extraction is safe and effective in reducing the incidence of AO in high-risk patients. Faculdade De Odontologia De Bauru - USP 2018-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5933829/ /pubmed/29742264 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0245 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Halabi, Diego
Escobar, Jose
Alvarado, Cyntia
Martinez, Nicolette
Muñoz, Carlos
Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
title Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
title_full Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
title_fullStr Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
title_full_unstemmed Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
title_short Chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
title_sort chlorhexidine for prevention of alveolar osteitis: a randomised clinical trial
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5933829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29742264
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0245
work_keys_str_mv AT halabidiego chlorhexidineforpreventionofalveolarosteitisarandomisedclinicaltrial
AT escobarjose chlorhexidineforpreventionofalveolarosteitisarandomisedclinicaltrial
AT alvaradocyntia chlorhexidineforpreventionofalveolarosteitisarandomisedclinicaltrial
AT martineznicolette chlorhexidineforpreventionofalveolarosteitisarandomisedclinicaltrial
AT munozcarlos chlorhexidineforpreventionofalveolarosteitisarandomisedclinicaltrial