Effects of C5/C6 Intervertebral Space Distraction Height on Pressure on the Adjacent Intervertebral Disks and Articular Processes and Cervical Vertebrae Range of Motion

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the association between range of motion of the cervical vertebrae and various C5/C6 intervertebral space distraction heights. MATERIAL/METHODS: The cervical vertebrae from 6 fresh adult human cadavers were used to prepare the models. Changes in C4/C5 and C6/C7 intervertebral disk pressures, articular process pressure, and range of motion of the cervical vertebrae before and after the distraction of the C5/C6 intervertebral space at benchmark heights of 100%, 120%, 140%, and 160% were tested under different exercise loads. RESULTS: The pressure on the adjacent intervertebral disks was highest with the standing upright position before distraction, varied with different positions of the specimens and distraction heights after distraction, and was closest to that before distraction at a distraction height of 120% (P<0.05). The pressure of the adjacent articular processes was highest with left and right rotations before distraction, varied with different positions of the specimens and distraction heights after distraction, and was lowest under the same exercise load with different positions at a distraction height of 120% (P<0.05). The ranges of motion of the cervical vertebrae and intervertebral disks were largest without distraction and at a distraction height of 120% after distraction, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When removing the C5/C6 intervertebral disk and implanting an intervertebral bone graft, a benchmark height of 120% had little influence on the pressure of the adjacent intervertebral disks and articular processes and range of motion of the cervical vertebrae and is therefore an appropriate intervertebral space distraction height.