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Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex
Human motor cortex can activate pelvic floor muscles (PFM), but the motor cortical representation of the PFM is not well characterized. PFM representation is thought to be focused in the supplementary motor area (SMA). Here we examine the degree to which PFM representation is distributed between SMA...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5940845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29740105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25705-0 |
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author | Yani, Moheb S. Wondolowski, Joyce H. Eckel, Sandrah P. Kulig, Kornelia Fisher, Beth E. Gordon, James E. Kutch, Jason J. |
author_facet | Yani, Moheb S. Wondolowski, Joyce H. Eckel, Sandrah P. Kulig, Kornelia Fisher, Beth E. Gordon, James E. Kutch, Jason J. |
author_sort | Yani, Moheb S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Human motor cortex can activate pelvic floor muscles (PFM), but the motor cortical representation of the PFM is not well characterized. PFM representation is thought to be focused in the supplementary motor area (SMA). Here we examine the degree to which PFM representation is distributed between SMA and the primary motor cortex (M1), and how this representation is utilized to activate the PFM in different coordination patterns. We show that two types of coordination patterns involving PFM can be voluntarily accessed: one activates PFM independently of synergists and a second activates PFM prior to and in proportion with synergists (in this study, the gluteus maximus muscle – GMM). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed that both coordination patterns involve overlapping activation in SMA and M1, suggesting the presence of intermingled but independent neural populations that access the different patterns. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) confirmed SMA and M1 representation for the PFM. TMS also showed that, equally for SMA and M1, PFM can be activated during rest but GMM can only be activated after voluntary drive to GMM, suggesting that these populations are distinguished by activation threshold. We conclude that PFM representation is broadly distributed in SMA and M1 in humans. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5940845 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59408452018-05-11 Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex Yani, Moheb S. Wondolowski, Joyce H. Eckel, Sandrah P. Kulig, Kornelia Fisher, Beth E. Gordon, James E. Kutch, Jason J. Sci Rep Article Human motor cortex can activate pelvic floor muscles (PFM), but the motor cortical representation of the PFM is not well characterized. PFM representation is thought to be focused in the supplementary motor area (SMA). Here we examine the degree to which PFM representation is distributed between SMA and the primary motor cortex (M1), and how this representation is utilized to activate the PFM in different coordination patterns. We show that two types of coordination patterns involving PFM can be voluntarily accessed: one activates PFM independently of synergists and a second activates PFM prior to and in proportion with synergists (in this study, the gluteus maximus muscle – GMM). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed that both coordination patterns involve overlapping activation in SMA and M1, suggesting the presence of intermingled but independent neural populations that access the different patterns. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) confirmed SMA and M1 representation for the PFM. TMS also showed that, equally for SMA and M1, PFM can be activated during rest but GMM can only be activated after voluntary drive to GMM, suggesting that these populations are distinguished by activation threshold. We conclude that PFM representation is broadly distributed in SMA and M1 in humans. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5940845/ /pubmed/29740105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25705-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Yani, Moheb S. Wondolowski, Joyce H. Eckel, Sandrah P. Kulig, Kornelia Fisher, Beth E. Gordon, James E. Kutch, Jason J. Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
title | Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
title_full | Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
title_fullStr | Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
title_full_unstemmed | Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
title_short | Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
title_sort | distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5940845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29740105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25705-0 |
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