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Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coping with predeath grief (PDG) is an unmet need in caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD). The Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory (MM-CGI) and its abbreviated MM-CGI-Short-Form (MM-CGI-SF) are among the few empirically developed scales that detect PDG, yet they h...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5946851/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28633382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx097 |
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author | Liew, Tau Ming Yeap, Beow Im Koh, Gerald Choon-Huat Gandhi, Mihir Tan, Kheng Siew Luo, Nan Yap, Philip |
author_facet | Liew, Tau Ming Yeap, Beow Im Koh, Gerald Choon-Huat Gandhi, Mihir Tan, Kheng Siew Luo, Nan Yap, Philip |
author_sort | Liew, Tau Ming |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coping with predeath grief (PDG) is an unmet need in caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD). The Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory (MM-CGI) and its abbreviated MM-CGI-Short-Form (MM-CGI-SF) are among the few empirically developed scales that detect PDG, yet they have not been substantially validated outside United States. We evaluated the reliability and validity of the PDG scales in a multiethnic Asian population distinct from that of United States. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Family caregivers of community-dwelling PWD (n = 300) completed self-administered questionnaires containing MM-CGI and other scales of related construct. Sixty percent of the participants repeated the questionnaires 1 week later for test-retest reliability. Internal-consistency reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s α, test-retest reliability by intraclass-correlation-coefficient, construct validity by Spearman’s correlation-coefficient, and factorial validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cohen’s κ was used to compare the agreement between MM-CGI and a commonly-used caregiver burden scale (Zarit Burden Interview). RESULTS: MM-CGI and MM-CGI-SF demonstrated internal-consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and known-group validity. In CFA, MM-CGI showed modest model-fit (comparative-fit-index, CFI = .80; Tucker-Lewis-index, TLI = .79), whereas MM-CGI-SF showed better model-fit (CFI = .91; TLI = .90). Eighty-six percent of the caregivers reported average or high levels of PDG, with 18% reporting high PDG. High scores in the caregiver burden scale only showed modest agreement with high scores in MM-CGI (κ = .47). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: MM-CGI and MM-CGI-SF demonstrated adequate psychometric properties and utility, beyond that of a caregiver burden scale, in detecting high PDG in a multiethnic Asian population. They open the way for PDG intervention in clinical care, as well as further exploration in caregiver research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5946851 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59468512018-05-17 Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population Liew, Tau Ming Yeap, Beow Im Koh, Gerald Choon-Huat Gandhi, Mihir Tan, Kheng Siew Luo, Nan Yap, Philip Gerontologist Virtual Collection: Dementia and Caregiving BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coping with predeath grief (PDG) is an unmet need in caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD). The Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory (MM-CGI) and its abbreviated MM-CGI-Short-Form (MM-CGI-SF) are among the few empirically developed scales that detect PDG, yet they have not been substantially validated outside United States. We evaluated the reliability and validity of the PDG scales in a multiethnic Asian population distinct from that of United States. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Family caregivers of community-dwelling PWD (n = 300) completed self-administered questionnaires containing MM-CGI and other scales of related construct. Sixty percent of the participants repeated the questionnaires 1 week later for test-retest reliability. Internal-consistency reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s α, test-retest reliability by intraclass-correlation-coefficient, construct validity by Spearman’s correlation-coefficient, and factorial validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cohen’s κ was used to compare the agreement between MM-CGI and a commonly-used caregiver burden scale (Zarit Burden Interview). RESULTS: MM-CGI and MM-CGI-SF demonstrated internal-consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and known-group validity. In CFA, MM-CGI showed modest model-fit (comparative-fit-index, CFI = .80; Tucker-Lewis-index, TLI = .79), whereas MM-CGI-SF showed better model-fit (CFI = .91; TLI = .90). Eighty-six percent of the caregivers reported average or high levels of PDG, with 18% reporting high PDG. High scores in the caregiver burden scale only showed modest agreement with high scores in MM-CGI (κ = .47). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: MM-CGI and MM-CGI-SF demonstrated adequate psychometric properties and utility, beyond that of a caregiver burden scale, in detecting high PDG in a multiethnic Asian population. They open the way for PDG intervention in clinical care, as well as further exploration in caregiver research. Oxford University Press 2018-03 2017-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5946851/ /pubmed/28633382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx097 Text en © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Virtual Collection: Dementia and Caregiving Liew, Tau Ming Yeap, Beow Im Koh, Gerald Choon-Huat Gandhi, Mihir Tan, Kheng Siew Luo, Nan Yap, Philip Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population |
title | Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population |
title_full | Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population |
title_fullStr | Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population |
title_full_unstemmed | Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population |
title_short | Detecting Predeath Grief in Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Validity and Utility of the Marwit-Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory in a Multiethnic Asian Population |
title_sort | detecting predeath grief in family caregivers of persons with dementia: validity and utility of the marwit-meuser caregiver grief inventory in a multiethnic asian population |
topic | Virtual Collection: Dementia and Caregiving |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5946851/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28633382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx097 |
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