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Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration
The success of naturalistic or therapeutic neuroregeneration likely depends on an internal milieu that facilitates the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells and their assimilation into neural networks. Migraine attacks are an integrated sequence of physiological proce...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5950661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29722303 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.230275 |
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author | Borkum, Jonathan M. |
author_facet | Borkum, Jonathan M. |
author_sort | Borkum, Jonathan M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The success of naturalistic or therapeutic neuroregeneration likely depends on an internal milieu that facilitates the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells and their assimilation into neural networks. Migraine attacks are an integrated sequence of physiological processes that may protect the brain from oxidative stress by releasing growth factors, suppressing apoptosis, stimulating neurogenesis, encouraging mitochondrial biogenesis, reducing the production of oxidants, and upregulating antioxidant defenses. Thus, the migraine attack may constitute a physiologic environment conducive to stem cells. In this paper, key components of migraine are reviewed – neurogenic inflammation with release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P, plasma protein extravasation, platelet activation, release of serotonin by platelets and likely by the dorsal raphe nucleus, activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and, in migraine aura, cortical spreading depression – along with their potential neurorestorative aspects. The possibility is considered of using these components to facilitate successful stem cell transplantation. Potential methods for doing so are discussed, including chemical stimulation of the TRPA1 ion channel, conjoint activation of a subset of migraine components, invasive and noninvasive deep brain stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus, transcranial focused ultrasound, and stimulation of the Zusanli (ST36) acupuncture point. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5950661 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59506612018-06-01 Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration Borkum, Jonathan M. Neural Regen Res Invited Review The success of naturalistic or therapeutic neuroregeneration likely depends on an internal milieu that facilitates the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells and their assimilation into neural networks. Migraine attacks are an integrated sequence of physiological processes that may protect the brain from oxidative stress by releasing growth factors, suppressing apoptosis, stimulating neurogenesis, encouraging mitochondrial biogenesis, reducing the production of oxidants, and upregulating antioxidant defenses. Thus, the migraine attack may constitute a physiologic environment conducive to stem cells. In this paper, key components of migraine are reviewed – neurogenic inflammation with release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P, plasma protein extravasation, platelet activation, release of serotonin by platelets and likely by the dorsal raphe nucleus, activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and, in migraine aura, cortical spreading depression – along with their potential neurorestorative aspects. The possibility is considered of using these components to facilitate successful stem cell transplantation. Potential methods for doing so are discussed, including chemical stimulation of the TRPA1 ion channel, conjoint activation of a subset of migraine components, invasive and noninvasive deep brain stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus, transcranial focused ultrasound, and stimulation of the Zusanli (ST36) acupuncture point. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2018-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5950661/ /pubmed/29722303 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.230275 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Invited Review Borkum, Jonathan M. Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
title | Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
title_full | Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
title_fullStr | Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
title_short | Harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
title_sort | harnessing migraines for neural regeneration |
topic | Invited Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5950661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29722303 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.230275 |
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