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Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Dengue is an arboviral infection classically presenting with fever, arthralgia, headache, and rashes. It is hyperendemic in Sri Lanka and has a major impact on health. Neurological complications of dengue fever are rare but have been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-ye...

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Autores principales: Dalugama, Chamara, Shelton, John, Ekanayake, Mahendra, Gawarammana, Indika Bandara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5952700/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29759074
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-018-1626-y
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author Dalugama, Chamara
Shelton, John
Ekanayake, Mahendra
Gawarammana, Indika Bandara
author_facet Dalugama, Chamara
Shelton, John
Ekanayake, Mahendra
Gawarammana, Indika Bandara
author_sort Dalugama, Chamara
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Dengue is an arboviral infection classically presenting with fever, arthralgia, headache, and rashes. It is hyperendemic in Sri Lanka and has a major impact on health. Neurological complications of dengue fever are rare but have been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-year-old Sri Lankan man presented with a history of fever, arthralgia, and generalized malaise of 2 days duration. A diagnosis of dengue was confirmed with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and positive NS1 antigen done on day 2 without evidence of hemoconcentration. On admission, our patient had weakness of the bilateral lower limbs, which progressed in an ascending pattern involving both upper limbs and neck muscles, requiring assisted ventilation. Electromyography confirmed a demyelinating polyneuropathy and cerebrospinal fluid showed albumincytological dissociation. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins and made an uneventful recovery. Subsequently, his immunoglobulin M test result for dengue virus was positive. CONCLUSIONS: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare but possible neurological sequel following dengue fever. In regions where dengue is hyperendemic, screening for dengue illness may be important in patients presenting with acute flaccid paralysis.
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spelling pubmed-59527002018-05-21 Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature Dalugama, Chamara Shelton, John Ekanayake, Mahendra Gawarammana, Indika Bandara J Med Case Rep Case Report BACKGROUND: Dengue is an arboviral infection classically presenting with fever, arthralgia, headache, and rashes. It is hyperendemic in Sri Lanka and has a major impact on health. Neurological complications of dengue fever are rare but have been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-year-old Sri Lankan man presented with a history of fever, arthralgia, and generalized malaise of 2 days duration. A diagnosis of dengue was confirmed with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and positive NS1 antigen done on day 2 without evidence of hemoconcentration. On admission, our patient had weakness of the bilateral lower limbs, which progressed in an ascending pattern involving both upper limbs and neck muscles, requiring assisted ventilation. Electromyography confirmed a demyelinating polyneuropathy and cerebrospinal fluid showed albumincytological dissociation. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins and made an uneventful recovery. Subsequently, his immunoglobulin M test result for dengue virus was positive. CONCLUSIONS: Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare but possible neurological sequel following dengue fever. In regions where dengue is hyperendemic, screening for dengue illness may be important in patients presenting with acute flaccid paralysis. BioMed Central 2018-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5952700/ /pubmed/29759074 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-018-1626-y Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Case Report
Dalugama, Chamara
Shelton, John
Ekanayake, Mahendra
Gawarammana, Indika Bandara
Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
title Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
title_full Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
title_fullStr Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
title_short Dengue fever complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
title_sort dengue fever complicated with guillain-barré syndrome: a case report and review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5952700/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29759074
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-018-1626-y
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