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Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers
BACKGROUND: There is a high risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in alpine skiers. To reduce or try to prevent these injuries, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors need to be identified. PURPOSE: To identify possible intrinsic and extrinsic ACL injury risk factors among competitive ado...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5954346/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29780835 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118766830 |
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author | Westin, Maria Harringe, Marita L. Engström, Björn Alricsson, Marie Werner, Suzanne |
author_facet | Westin, Maria Harringe, Marita L. Engström, Björn Alricsson, Marie Werner, Suzanne |
author_sort | Westin, Maria |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: There is a high risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in alpine skiers. To reduce or try to prevent these injuries, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors need to be identified. PURPOSE: To identify possible intrinsic and extrinsic ACL injury risk factors among competitive adolescent alpine skiers. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2009, a cohort of 339 alpine ski students (176 male, 163 female) from Swedish ski high schools were prospectively observed in terms of ACL injuries. First-time ACL injuries were recorded. In September, prior to each ski season, the skiers were clinically examined according to a specific knee protocol. RESULTS: Overall, 11 male and 14 female skiers sustained a total of 25 first-episode ACL injuries. The majority of injuries occurred in the left knee (P < .05). Skiers who had participated in alpine skiing for >13 years (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68-1.00; P < .05) had a reduced risk of sustaining an ACL injury. Eighteen ACL injuries occurred during training, 12 in the technical discipline of giant slalom, and 8 in slalom. Fourteen skiers reported not to be fatigued at all at the time of injury, and 8 skiers reported that they were somewhat fatigued. CONCLUSION: ACL injuries occurred more often in the left knee than the right. This should be taken into consideration in the design of ACL injury prevention programs. Those who reported a higher number of active years in alpine skiing showed a reduced risk of sustaining an ACL injury. No other factor among those studied could be identified as an independent risk factor for ACL injury. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5954346 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59543462018-05-18 Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers Westin, Maria Harringe, Marita L. Engström, Björn Alricsson, Marie Werner, Suzanne Orthop J Sports Med Article BACKGROUND: There is a high risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in alpine skiers. To reduce or try to prevent these injuries, intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors need to be identified. PURPOSE: To identify possible intrinsic and extrinsic ACL injury risk factors among competitive adolescent alpine skiers. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2009, a cohort of 339 alpine ski students (176 male, 163 female) from Swedish ski high schools were prospectively observed in terms of ACL injuries. First-time ACL injuries were recorded. In September, prior to each ski season, the skiers were clinically examined according to a specific knee protocol. RESULTS: Overall, 11 male and 14 female skiers sustained a total of 25 first-episode ACL injuries. The majority of injuries occurred in the left knee (P < .05). Skiers who had participated in alpine skiing for >13 years (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68-1.00; P < .05) had a reduced risk of sustaining an ACL injury. Eighteen ACL injuries occurred during training, 12 in the technical discipline of giant slalom, and 8 in slalom. Fourteen skiers reported not to be fatigued at all at the time of injury, and 8 skiers reported that they were somewhat fatigued. CONCLUSION: ACL injuries occurred more often in the left knee than the right. This should be taken into consideration in the design of ACL injury prevention programs. Those who reported a higher number of active years in alpine skiing showed a reduced risk of sustaining an ACL injury. No other factor among those studied could be identified as an independent risk factor for ACL injury. SAGE Publications 2018-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5954346/ /pubmed/29780835 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118766830 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Article Westin, Maria Harringe, Marita L. Engström, Björn Alricsson, Marie Werner, Suzanne Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers |
title | Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers |
title_full | Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers |
title_fullStr | Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers |
title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers |
title_short | Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Competitive Adolescent Alpine Skiers |
title_sort | risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury in competitive adolescent alpine skiers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5954346/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29780835 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118766830 |
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