The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 In the Development of Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Events

The matrix metalloproteinases are a family of peptidase enzymes responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Alterations in the structure and composition of the ECM play a key role in the atherogenic process. Recent data suggest the important role of MMPs in the development of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. Expressed at low levels in normal tissue, MMPs are upregulated in remodeling processes. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is present in atherosclerotic plaques and acts in the degradation of the fibrous cap of the atheroma. Many clinical studies reported that increased MMP-3 level and also the gene polymorphism of MMP were the independent cardiovascular risk factors. MMPs represent an attractive target to prevent matrix degradation, atherosclerosis and possible cardiovascular events.