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Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence

Recent developments in High-Throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies and ancient DNA (aDNA) research have opened access to the characterization of the microbial communities within past populations. Most studies have, however, relied on the analysis of dental calculus as one particular material t...

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Autores principales: Willmann, Claire, Mata, Xavier, Hanghoej, Kristian, Tonasso, Laure, Tisseyre, Lenka, Jeziorski, Céline, Cabot, Elodie, Chevet, Pierre, Crubézy, Eric, Orlando, Ludovic, Esclassan, Rémi, Thèves, Catherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5955521/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29768437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196482
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author Willmann, Claire
Mata, Xavier
Hanghoej, Kristian
Tonasso, Laure
Tisseyre, Lenka
Jeziorski, Céline
Cabot, Elodie
Chevet, Pierre
Crubézy, Eric
Orlando, Ludovic
Esclassan, Rémi
Thèves, Catherine
author_facet Willmann, Claire
Mata, Xavier
Hanghoej, Kristian
Tonasso, Laure
Tisseyre, Lenka
Jeziorski, Céline
Cabot, Elodie
Chevet, Pierre
Crubézy, Eric
Orlando, Ludovic
Esclassan, Rémi
Thèves, Catherine
author_sort Willmann, Claire
collection PubMed
description Recent developments in High-Throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies and ancient DNA (aDNA) research have opened access to the characterization of the microbial communities within past populations. Most studies have, however, relied on the analysis of dental calculus as one particular material type particularly prone to the molecular preservation of ancient microbial biofilms and potential of entire teeth for microbial characterization, both of healthy communities and pathogens in ancient individuals, remains overlooked. In this study, we used shotgun sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition from historical subjects showing macroscopic evidence of oral pathologies. We first carried out a macroscopic analysis aimed at identifying carious or periodontal diseases in subjects belonging to a French rural population of the 18th century AD. We next examined radiographically six subjects showing specific, characteristic dental pathologies and applied HTS shotgun sequencing to characterize the microbial communities present in and on the dental material. The presence of Streptococcus mutans and also Rothia dentocariosa, Actinomyces viscosus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Olsenella uli and Parvimonas micra was confirmed through the presence of typical signatures of post-mortem DNA damage at an average depth-of-coverage ranging from 0.5 to 7X, with a minimum of 35% (from 35 to 93%) of the positions in the genome covered at least once. Each sampled tooth showed a specific bacterial signature associated with carious or periodontal pathologies. This work demonstrates that from a healthy independent tooth, without visible macroscopic pathology, we can identify a signature of specific pathogens and deduce the oral health status of an individual.
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spelling pubmed-59555212018-05-25 Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence Willmann, Claire Mata, Xavier Hanghoej, Kristian Tonasso, Laure Tisseyre, Lenka Jeziorski, Céline Cabot, Elodie Chevet, Pierre Crubézy, Eric Orlando, Ludovic Esclassan, Rémi Thèves, Catherine PLoS One Research Article Recent developments in High-Throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies and ancient DNA (aDNA) research have opened access to the characterization of the microbial communities within past populations. Most studies have, however, relied on the analysis of dental calculus as one particular material type particularly prone to the molecular preservation of ancient microbial biofilms and potential of entire teeth for microbial characterization, both of healthy communities and pathogens in ancient individuals, remains overlooked. In this study, we used shotgun sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition from historical subjects showing macroscopic evidence of oral pathologies. We first carried out a macroscopic analysis aimed at identifying carious or periodontal diseases in subjects belonging to a French rural population of the 18th century AD. We next examined radiographically six subjects showing specific, characteristic dental pathologies and applied HTS shotgun sequencing to characterize the microbial communities present in and on the dental material. The presence of Streptococcus mutans and also Rothia dentocariosa, Actinomyces viscosus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Olsenella uli and Parvimonas micra was confirmed through the presence of typical signatures of post-mortem DNA damage at an average depth-of-coverage ranging from 0.5 to 7X, with a minimum of 35% (from 35 to 93%) of the positions in the genome covered at least once. Each sampled tooth showed a specific bacterial signature associated with carious or periodontal pathologies. This work demonstrates that from a healthy independent tooth, without visible macroscopic pathology, we can identify a signature of specific pathogens and deduce the oral health status of an individual. Public Library of Science 2018-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5955521/ /pubmed/29768437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196482 Text en © 2018 Willmann et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Willmann, Claire
Mata, Xavier
Hanghoej, Kristian
Tonasso, Laure
Tisseyre, Lenka
Jeziorski, Céline
Cabot, Elodie
Chevet, Pierre
Crubézy, Eric
Orlando, Ludovic
Esclassan, Rémi
Thèves, Catherine
Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
title Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
title_full Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
title_fullStr Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
title_full_unstemmed Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
title_short Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
title_sort oral health status in historic population: macroscopic and metagenomic evidence
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5955521/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29768437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196482
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