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Value generalization in human avoidance learning
Generalization during aversive decision-making allows us to avoid a broad range of potential threats following experience with a limited set of exemplars. However, over-generalization, resulting in excessive and inappropriate avoidance, has been implicated in a variety of psychological disorders. He...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5957527/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29735014 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34779 |
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author | Norbury, Agnes Robbins, Trevor W Seymour, Ben |
author_facet | Norbury, Agnes Robbins, Trevor W Seymour, Ben |
author_sort | Norbury, Agnes |
collection | PubMed |
description | Generalization during aversive decision-making allows us to avoid a broad range of potential threats following experience with a limited set of exemplars. However, over-generalization, resulting in excessive and inappropriate avoidance, has been implicated in a variety of psychological disorders. Here, we use reinforcement learning modelling to dissect out different contributions to the generalization of instrumental avoidance in two groups of human volunteers (N = 26, N = 482). We found that generalization of avoidance could be parsed into perceptual and value-based processes, and further, that value-based generalization could be subdivided into that relating to aversive and neutral feedback − with corresponding circuits including primary sensory cortex, anterior insula, amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Further, generalization from aversive, but not neutral, feedback was associated with self-reported anxiety and intrusive thoughts. These results reveal a set of distinct mechanisms that mediate generalization in avoidance learning, and show how specific individual differences within them can yield anxiety. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5957527 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59575272018-05-18 Value generalization in human avoidance learning Norbury, Agnes Robbins, Trevor W Seymour, Ben eLife Neuroscience Generalization during aversive decision-making allows us to avoid a broad range of potential threats following experience with a limited set of exemplars. However, over-generalization, resulting in excessive and inappropriate avoidance, has been implicated in a variety of psychological disorders. Here, we use reinforcement learning modelling to dissect out different contributions to the generalization of instrumental avoidance in two groups of human volunteers (N = 26, N = 482). We found that generalization of avoidance could be parsed into perceptual and value-based processes, and further, that value-based generalization could be subdivided into that relating to aversive and neutral feedback − with corresponding circuits including primary sensory cortex, anterior insula, amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Further, generalization from aversive, but not neutral, feedback was associated with self-reported anxiety and intrusive thoughts. These results reveal a set of distinct mechanisms that mediate generalization in avoidance learning, and show how specific individual differences within them can yield anxiety. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2018-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5957527/ /pubmed/29735014 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34779 Text en © 2018, Norbury et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Norbury, Agnes Robbins, Trevor W Seymour, Ben Value generalization in human avoidance learning |
title | Value generalization in human avoidance learning |
title_full | Value generalization in human avoidance learning |
title_fullStr | Value generalization in human avoidance learning |
title_full_unstemmed | Value generalization in human avoidance learning |
title_short | Value generalization in human avoidance learning |
title_sort | value generalization in human avoidance learning |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5957527/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29735014 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34779 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT norburyagnes valuegeneralizationinhumanavoidancelearning AT robbinstrevorw valuegeneralizationinhumanavoidancelearning AT seymourben valuegeneralizationinhumanavoidancelearning |