Vitamin D Deficiency Predicts the ST Elevation Type of Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

According to studies, a significant association exists between the low levels of vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI). In a prospective case control study, 88 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and Non-STEMI were enrolled. The plasma level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D] was obtained at the time of acute MI. To assess the association between study variables logistic regression analysis was done. The overall rate of vitamin D deficiency was documented in 59.1% with the significantly higher prevalence rate in STEMI group (77.5% versus 43.7%; p = 0.001). In STEMI group, the plasma level of 25(OH) vitamin D was significantly lower than non-STEMI group (13.5 ± 7.7 versus 24.3 ± 14.9; p = 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was the main predictor in occurring the ST elevation type of MI (Odd ratio: 8.1, 95% CI: 2.3 – 28.2; p = 0.001). The results of the present study demonstrated a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among ACS patients. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency was responsible for occurring ST elevation type of MI among ACS patients. Large studies are needed to confirm these findings.