Formation of zinc sulfide species during roasting of ZnO with pyrite and its contribution on flotation

In this paper, formation of zinc sulfide species during roasting of ZnO with FeS(2) was investigated and its contribution on flotation was illustrated. The evolution process, phase and crystal growth were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) along with thermodynamic calculation and scanning electron microscopy-Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), respectively, to interpret the formation mechanism of ZnS species. It was found that ZnS was initially generated at about 450 °C and then the reaction prevailed at about 600 °C. The generated Fe(x)S would dissolve into ZnS and then form (Zn, Fe)S compound in form of Fe(2)Zn(3)S(5) when temperature increased to about 750 °C. This obviously accelerated ZnS phase formation and growth. In addition, it was known that increasing of ZnO dosage had few effects on the decomposition behavior of FeS(2). Then, flotation tests of different zinc oxide materials before and after treatment were performed to further confirm that the flotation performances of the treated materials could be obviously improved. Finally, a scheme diagram was proposed to regular its application to mineral processing. It was systematically illustrated that different types of ZnS species needed to be synthetized when sulfidization roasting-flotation process was carried out to treat zinc oxide materials.