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Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species
The evaluation of protected area networks on their capacity to preserve species distributions is a key topic in conservation biology. There are different types of protected areas, with National Parks those with highest level of protection. National Parks can be declared attending to many ecological...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5962089/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29782506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197496 |
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author | Estrada, Alba Real, Raimundo |
author_facet | Estrada, Alba Real, Raimundo |
author_sort | Estrada, Alba |
collection | PubMed |
description | The evaluation of protected area networks on their capacity to preserve species distributions is a key topic in conservation biology. There are different types of protected areas, with National Parks those with highest level of protection. National Parks can be declared attending to many ecological features that include the presence of certain animal species. Here, we selected 37 vertebrate species that were highlighted as having relevant natural value for at least one of the 10 National Parks of mainland Spain. We modelled species distributions with the favourability function, and applied the Insecurity Index to detect the degree of protection of favourable areas for each species. Two metrics of Insecurity Index were defined for each species: the Insecurity Index in each of the cells, and the Overall Insecurity Index of a species. The former allows the identification of insecure areas for each species that can be used to establish spatial conservation priorities. The latter gives a value of Insecurity for each species, which we used to calculate the Representativeness of favourable areas for the species in the network. As expected, due to the limited extension of the National Park network, all species have high values of Insecurity; i.e., just a narrow proportion of their favourable areas are covered by a National Park. However, the majority of species favourable areas are well represented in the network, i.e., the percentage of favourable areas covered by the National Park network is higher than the percentage of mainland Spain covered by the network (result also supported by a randomization approach). Even if a reserve network only covers a low percentage of a country, the Overall Insecurity Index allows an objective assessment of its capacity to represent species. Beyond the results presented here, the Insecurity Index has the potential to be extrapolated to other areas and to cover a wide range of species. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5962089 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59620892018-06-02 Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species Estrada, Alba Real, Raimundo PLoS One Research Article The evaluation of protected area networks on their capacity to preserve species distributions is a key topic in conservation biology. There are different types of protected areas, with National Parks those with highest level of protection. National Parks can be declared attending to many ecological features that include the presence of certain animal species. Here, we selected 37 vertebrate species that were highlighted as having relevant natural value for at least one of the 10 National Parks of mainland Spain. We modelled species distributions with the favourability function, and applied the Insecurity Index to detect the degree of protection of favourable areas for each species. Two metrics of Insecurity Index were defined for each species: the Insecurity Index in each of the cells, and the Overall Insecurity Index of a species. The former allows the identification of insecure areas for each species that can be used to establish spatial conservation priorities. The latter gives a value of Insecurity for each species, which we used to calculate the Representativeness of favourable areas for the species in the network. As expected, due to the limited extension of the National Park network, all species have high values of Insecurity; i.e., just a narrow proportion of their favourable areas are covered by a National Park. However, the majority of species favourable areas are well represented in the network, i.e., the percentage of favourable areas covered by the National Park network is higher than the percentage of mainland Spain covered by the network (result also supported by a randomization approach). Even if a reserve network only covers a low percentage of a country, the Overall Insecurity Index allows an objective assessment of its capacity to represent species. Beyond the results presented here, the Insecurity Index has the potential to be extrapolated to other areas and to cover a wide range of species. Public Library of Science 2018-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5962089/ /pubmed/29782506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197496 Text en © 2018 Estrada, Real http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Estrada, Alba Real, Raimundo Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species |
title | Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species |
title_full | Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species |
title_fullStr | Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species |
title_short | Assessment of the National Park network of mainland Spain by the Insecurity Index of vertebrate species |
title_sort | assessment of the national park network of mainland spain by the insecurity index of vertebrate species |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5962089/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29782506 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197496 |
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