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Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1
OBJECTIVES: The increase in HIV transmissibility in non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infection is already well-established. It is estimated that symptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis have a relative risk of 4.8-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively, for the sexual acquisition of HIV...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Instituto de Medicina Tropical
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5962100/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29538508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201860011 |
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author | da Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa Motta, Heloisa Loureiro de Sá Neves de Souza, Erik Friedrich Alex Cardoso, Pedro Afonso Nogueira Moises Pilotto, José Henrique Eyer-Silva, Walter Araujo Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira dos Santos, Mônica Soares de Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha Motta, Rogerio Neves Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida |
author_facet | da Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa Motta, Heloisa Loureiro de Sá Neves de Souza, Erik Friedrich Alex Cardoso, Pedro Afonso Nogueira Moises Pilotto, José Henrique Eyer-Silva, Walter Araujo Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira dos Santos, Mônica Soares de Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha Motta, Rogerio Neves Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida |
author_sort | da Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: The increase in HIV transmissibility in non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infection is already well-established. It is estimated that symptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis have a relative risk of 4.8-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively, for the sexual acquisition of HIV. This type of evaluation for asymptomatic urethritis is necessary to reinforce strategies to combat HIV transmission. This study aims to assess the prevalence of patients with asymptomatic urethritis among men diagnosed with HIV-1 and determine the risk factors associated with this infection. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 115 male patients aged 18 years or older who have been diagnosed with HIV infection and have no symptoms of urethritis or other sexually transmitted infections and who have been evaluated between May and August 2015 in a follow-up visit at the Immunology Outpatient Clinic of a Brazilian University Hospital. RESULTS: Four asymptomatic patients were positive for C. trachomatis and were considered asymptomatic carriers of urethritis. Prevalence was 3.47%. Patients who were positive for C. trachomatis urethritis had a lower mean age (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: The presence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection is a challenge in clinical practice. We recommend that, in outpatient practice, the habit of inquiring on previous sexual behavior to obtain more information about risks and associations with asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection, a routine physical examination and complementary tests to detect STI pathogens should be performed to discard these conditions. The development of rapid tests for this purpose should also be encouraged. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5962100 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Instituto de Medicina Tropical |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59621002018-05-24 Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 da Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa Motta, Heloisa Loureiro de Sá Neves de Souza, Erik Friedrich Alex Cardoso, Pedro Afonso Nogueira Moises Pilotto, José Henrique Eyer-Silva, Walter Araujo Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira dos Santos, Mônica Soares de Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha Motta, Rogerio Neves Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Original Article OBJECTIVES: The increase in HIV transmissibility in non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infection is already well-established. It is estimated that symptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis have a relative risk of 4.8-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively, for the sexual acquisition of HIV. This type of evaluation for asymptomatic urethritis is necessary to reinforce strategies to combat HIV transmission. This study aims to assess the prevalence of patients with asymptomatic urethritis among men diagnosed with HIV-1 and determine the risk factors associated with this infection. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 115 male patients aged 18 years or older who have been diagnosed with HIV infection and have no symptoms of urethritis or other sexually transmitted infections and who have been evaluated between May and August 2015 in a follow-up visit at the Immunology Outpatient Clinic of a Brazilian University Hospital. RESULTS: Four asymptomatic patients were positive for C. trachomatis and were considered asymptomatic carriers of urethritis. Prevalence was 3.47%. Patients who were positive for C. trachomatis urethritis had a lower mean age (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: The presence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection is a challenge in clinical practice. We recommend that, in outpatient practice, the habit of inquiring on previous sexual behavior to obtain more information about risks and associations with asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection, a routine physical examination and complementary tests to detect STI pathogens should be performed to discard these conditions. The development of rapid tests for this purpose should also be encouraged. Instituto de Medicina Tropical 2018-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5962100/ /pubmed/29538508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201860011 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article da Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa Motta, Heloisa Loureiro de Sá Neves de Souza, Erik Friedrich Alex Cardoso, Pedro Afonso Nogueira Moises Pilotto, José Henrique Eyer-Silva, Walter Araujo Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira dos Santos, Mônica Soares de Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha Motta, Rogerio Neves Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 |
title | Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 |
title_full | Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 |
title_short | Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1 |
title_sort | prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with hiv-1 |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5962100/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29538508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201860011 |
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