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The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications
The 2017 annual symposium organized by the University Medical Center Groningen in The Netherlands focused on the role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease. Experts from academia and industry examined interactions of prebiotics, probiotics, or vitamins with the gut microbiome in health a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5962619/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29748817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1703-4 |
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author | Mohajeri, M. Hasan Brummer, Robert J. M. Rastall, Robert A. Weersma, Rinse K. Harmsen, Hermie J. M. Faas, Marijke Eggersdorfer, Manfred |
author_facet | Mohajeri, M. Hasan Brummer, Robert J. M. Rastall, Robert A. Weersma, Rinse K. Harmsen, Hermie J. M. Faas, Marijke Eggersdorfer, Manfred |
author_sort | Mohajeri, M. Hasan |
collection | PubMed |
description | The 2017 annual symposium organized by the University Medical Center Groningen in The Netherlands focused on the role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease. Experts from academia and industry examined interactions of prebiotics, probiotics, or vitamins with the gut microbiome in health and disease, the development of the microbiome in early-life and the role of the microbiome on the gut–brain axis. The gut microbiota changes dramatically during pregnancy and intrinsic factors (such as stress), in addition to extrinsic factors (such as diet, and drugs) influence the composition and activity of the gut microbiome throughout life. Microbial metabolites, e.g. short-chain fatty acids affect gut–brain signaling and the immune response. The gut microbiota has a regulatory role on anxiety, mood, cognition and pain which is exerted via the gut–brain axis. Ingestion of prebiotics or probiotics has been used to treat a range of conditions including constipation, allergic reactions and infections in infancy, and IBS. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) highly effective for treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infections. The gut microbiome affects virtually all aspects of human health, but the degree of scientific evidence, the models and technologies and the understanding of mechanisms of action vary considerably from one benefit area to the other. For a clinical practice to be broadly accepted, the mode of action, the therapeutic window, and potential side effects need to thoroughly be investigated. This calls for further coordinated state-of-the art research to better understand and document the human gut microbiome’s effects on human health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5962619 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59626192018-06-01 The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications Mohajeri, M. Hasan Brummer, Robert J. M. Rastall, Robert A. Weersma, Rinse K. Harmsen, Hermie J. M. Faas, Marijke Eggersdorfer, Manfred Eur J Nutr Supplement The 2017 annual symposium organized by the University Medical Center Groningen in The Netherlands focused on the role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease. Experts from academia and industry examined interactions of prebiotics, probiotics, or vitamins with the gut microbiome in health and disease, the development of the microbiome in early-life and the role of the microbiome on the gut–brain axis. The gut microbiota changes dramatically during pregnancy and intrinsic factors (such as stress), in addition to extrinsic factors (such as diet, and drugs) influence the composition and activity of the gut microbiome throughout life. Microbial metabolites, e.g. short-chain fatty acids affect gut–brain signaling and the immune response. The gut microbiota has a regulatory role on anxiety, mood, cognition and pain which is exerted via the gut–brain axis. Ingestion of prebiotics or probiotics has been used to treat a range of conditions including constipation, allergic reactions and infections in infancy, and IBS. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) highly effective for treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infections. The gut microbiome affects virtually all aspects of human health, but the degree of scientific evidence, the models and technologies and the understanding of mechanisms of action vary considerably from one benefit area to the other. For a clinical practice to be broadly accepted, the mode of action, the therapeutic window, and potential side effects need to thoroughly be investigated. This calls for further coordinated state-of-the art research to better understand and document the human gut microbiome’s effects on human health. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2018-05-10 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC5962619/ /pubmed/29748817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1703-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Supplement Mohajeri, M. Hasan Brummer, Robert J. M. Rastall, Robert A. Weersma, Rinse K. Harmsen, Hermie J. M. Faas, Marijke Eggersdorfer, Manfred The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
title | The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
title_full | The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
title_fullStr | The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
title_short | The role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
title_sort | role of the microbiome for human health: from basic science to clinical applications |
topic | Supplement |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5962619/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29748817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1703-4 |
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