Baicalein Enhances Migration and Invasion of Extravillous Trophoblasts via Activation of the NF-κB Pathway

BACKGROUND: Baicalein, one of the major flavonoids in the plant Scutellaria baicalensis, can regulate the invasive ability of cancer cells. The invasion of trophoblasts is similar to the invasion of tumor cells into host tissues. The appropriate invasion of trophoblast cells into the endometrium is an important factor for successful embryo implantation. In this research, we investigated the effect of baicalein on the invasion and migration of trophoblast cells and its possible molecular mechanism. MATERIAL/METHODS: We treated HTR-8/SVneo cells with different concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 μM) of baicalein. The invasion and migration abilities of HTR-8/SVneo cells were studied. Protein levels and gene expression related to invasion and migration were analyzed by Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS: Baicalein enhanced the migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells. In addition, gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in HTR-8/SVneo cells changed in the presence of baicalein. Moreover, the data show that baicalein activated the NF-κB pathway. Baicalein was also able to rescue effects of an NF-κB-specific inhibitor (JSH-23) on the migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results indicate that baicalein enhances migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells, which is important for successful pregnancy.